不同社会经济状况的吸烟者对戒烟疗法以及戒烟支持服务的使用：10年国家禁毒战略家庭调查的数据
2014/12/22
摘要
目的：本项目旨在通过分析国家调查数据，调查澳大利亚戒烟服务和戒烟后支持服务的使用情况，并研究戒烟服务和药物治疗的使用是否与吸烟者对社会经济状况的差异（SES）有关。
方法：分析数据来自2001－2010间4次澳大利亚国家禁毒战略家庭调查。主要的结局指标为接受戒烟服务或药物治疗。主要的预测变量为社会经济状况的评估，包括地区的社会－经济指数、收入情况及教育情况。同时，对其它社会人口的变量也进行了考察。
结果：本项目的研究结果表明，戒烟服务及戒烟后支持服务的使用情况与社会经济状况之间并没有显著关联。有些服务社会经济情况较好的人群使用更多，有些服务则是社会经济情况较差的人群使用更多。受过大学教育的群体一般更不愿接受药物治疗（优势比[OR] = 0.72；95% 可信区间= 0.56-0.93）。相反地，高收入人群则更倾向于接受贴剂、口香糖或吸入剂的治疗（优势比= 1.13；95% 可信区间 = 1.01-1.27）。药物治疗可显著提高戒烟的成功率（优势比 = 2.50；95% 可信区间 = 1.94-3.23），但是该效果仅体现在低文化程度群体中。社会经济状况较好的吸烟者戒烟的成功率也较高。
结论：本项目的研究结果显示，不同社会经济经济状况的吸烟者使用戒烟服务和支持服务的情况相同，也就是说，使用戒烟服务与否与吸烟者社会经济情况的差异无关。但是，调查结果仍然有积极的一面，即增加药物治疗可能帮助社会经济情况较差的人群提高戒烟成功率。
（刘国梁 审校）
Nicotine Tob Res. 2014 Oct 15. pii: ntu119. [Epub ahead of print]
The Use of Smoking Cessation and Quit Support Services by Socioeconomic Status Over 10 Years of the National Drug Strategy Household Survey.
Clare P1, Slade T2, Courtney RJ2, Martire KA3, Mattick RP2.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this research was to examine the use of quit smoking services and support options in Australia using national survey data, to determine whether use of quit smoking services and pharmacotherapy contributes to socioeconomic status (SES) differences in smoking.
METHODS: Analyses were performed using data from 4 waves of the Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey between 2001 and 2010. The primary outcomes were the use of quit smoking services or pharmacotherapy. The main predictor variables used were measures of SES including Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas, income, and education. Other sociodemographic variables were also examined.
RESULTS: There was no systematic SES difference in the use of services or support options, with some used more by high SES, and some used more by low SES. Those with university education (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.56-0.93) were less likely to use prescription medication. Conversely, those with higher incomes were more likely to use patches, gum, or an inhaler (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.01-1.27). Prescription medication was significantly associated with increased odds of recent cessation, although only among those with lower levels of education (OR = 2.50; 95% CI = 1.94-3.23). Those with higher SES had the greatest odds of recent cessation.
CONCLUSIONS: The evidence suggests that low-SES smokers use quit services and support options equally to high-SES smokers, and thus access does not drive the SES differential in smoking. However, the findings are positive, suggesting that increasing the uptake of prescription medication may help increase cessation rates among low-SES smokers.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2014 Oct 15. pii: ntu119. [Epub ahead of print]
