哮喘联盟

   摘要
   研究目的：本研究旨在探索对于在退伍军人保障系统内接受护理的非洲裔美国人，以克服戒烟障碍为目的的主动戒烟干预是否可提高其戒烟率。
   研究方法：研究数据来源于“退伍军人战胜烟草研究”随机对照临床试验中，研究对象为人群中已进行电子注册的目前吸烟者（非洲裔美国人702名，白人1569名）。研究对所有目前吸烟者随访一年，评估戒烟率（随访期内戒烟>6个月）。通过校正受试者风险以评估种族对戒烟的影响。
   研究结果：患者种族与干预方式（主动干预护理和常规干预护理相比较）无明显相关性。总体而言，如不考虑外界因素，非洲裔美国人与白人相比戒烟率更高（13%及9%；P＜0.06）。
   结论：非洲裔美国人比白人的戒烟率更高。这一结果可能是由于退伍军人接受戒烟服务率高且无种族差异，而非洲裔美国人的戒烟史更短、自信心和戒烟动机更强所导致。
 

（刘国梁 审校）
Am J Public Health. 2014 Sep;104Suppl 4:S580-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302023.

 

Smoking cessation among africanamerican and white smokers in the veterans affairs health care system.
 

Burgess DJ1, van Ryn M, Noorbaloochi S, Clothier B, Taylor BC, Sherman S, Joseph AM, Fu SS.
 

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:We examined whether a proactive care smoking cessation intervention designed to overcome barriers to treatment would be especially effective at increasing cessation among African Americans receiving care in the Veterans Health Administration.
METHODS:We analyzed data from a randomized controlled trial, the Veterans Victory over Tobacco study, involving a population-based electronic registry of current smokers (702 African Americans, 1569 Whites) and assessed 6-month prolonged smoking abstinence at 1 year via a follow-up survey of all current smokers. We also examined candidate risk adjustors for the race effect on smoking abstinence.
RESULTS:The interaction between patient race and intervention condition (proactive care vs usual care) was not significant. Overall, African Americans had higher quit rates than Whites (13% vs 9%; P < .006) regardless of condition.
CONCLUSIONS:African Americans quit at higher rates than Whites. These findings may be a result of the large number of veterans receiving smoking cessation services and the lack of racial differences in receipt of these services as well as racial differences in smoking history, self-efficacy, and motivation to quit that favor African Americans.
 

Am J Public Health. 2014 Sep;104Suppl 4:S580-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302023.