哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：本研究旨在评估由制药工业、食品和药物管理局规定的在急诊科（EDs）及门诊对儿童非处方（OTC）咳嗽感冒药（CCMs）的限制使用所带来的影响。
   试验设计：分析比较2005～2006年间以及2009～2010年间全国国立医院门诊部和住院部因为咳嗽或感冒相关症状就诊的患者病例（≤12岁）。所得数据根据年龄分层（<2 岁，2～6岁，6～12岁）。用描述性频数分析和加权χ2检验评估急诊部和门诊部非处方感冒药和处方药的使用频率。
   结果：通过比较2005－2006以及2009－2010的数据我们可以看出，急诊部非处方感冒药的使用率没有明显差别,但是处方药的使用率明显下降，从6.7%变为2.9%（P = .001）。门诊部的数据显示非处方感冒药的整体使用率从6.3%增加到11.1%（P = .001），但是对于小于2岁的儿童患者，非处方感冒药的使用率没有明显差别。对于处方药的使用率，急诊部在所有年龄层次均下降，但是门诊部仅在小于2岁儿童群体中有所下降。
   结论：制药工业和食品和药物管理局的实施方案并没有降低非处方感冒药在门诊及急诊小于2岁患者群体中的使用率，但是处方感冒药的使用率在两者中均有所下降。
 

（刘国梁 审校）
J Pediatr.2014 Sep 3.pii: S0022-3476(14)00695-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.07.047. [Epub ahead of print]

 

The Impact of Pediatric Labeling Changes on Prescribing Patterns of Cough and Cold Medications.
 

Mazer-Amirshahi M1, Rasooly I2, Brooks G3, Pines J4, May L4, van den Anker J5.
 

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of initiatives created by the pharmaceutical industry and the Food and Drug Administration to limit the use of over-the-counter (OTC) cough and cold medications (CCMs) in young children in emergency departments (EDs) and ambulatory clinics.
STUDY DESIGN: Analysis of the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey was performed comparing 2005-2006 and 2009-2010 in children aged ≤12 years with a reason for visit consistent with cough or cold-related symptoms. Data were stratified by age (<2 years, 2-6 years, and 6-12 years). Descriptive frequencies and survey-weighted χ2 tests were used to assess OTC and prescription CCM prescription rates in ED and ambulatory clinic settings.
RESULTS: Comparing 2005-2006 and 2009-2010 revealed no changes in ED use of OTC CCMs; however, the use of prescription CCMs decreased, from 6.7% to 2.9% (P = .001). In ambulatory clinics, the overall rate of OTC CCM use increased from 6.3% to 11.1% (P = .001); however, use by children aged <2 years was unchanged. Prescription CCM use in EDs declined in all age groups, but in ambulatory clinics, decreases were significant only in patients aged <2 years.
CONCLUSION:Implementation of pharmaceutical industry and Food and Drug Administration initiatives did not decrease the use of OTC CCMs in children aged <2 years in EDs or ambulatory clinics. The use of prescription CCMs was decreased in both settings, however.
 

J Pediatr.2014 Sep 3.pii: S0022-3476(14)00695-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.07.047. [Epub ahead of print]