哮喘联盟

   摘要
   区域：尼日利亚南部尼日尔三角洲的瓦里和周边地区。
   目的：调查尼日尔三角洲地区儿童呼吸道疾病带来的负担。
   设计：一项交叉横断面研究纳入了低社会-经济地位(SES)地区的1397例小学生（7～14岁），采用基于国际儿童哮喘与过敏性疾病研究问卷（ISAAC）并包含症状解释的英语书面问卷进行研究。
   结果：经医生诊断的哮喘患病率为0.9% (95%CI 0.4-1.3)，过去12个月内出现哮鸣音的患者百分比为5.4%(95%CI 4.3-6.6)。其他呼吸道症状发生率高，特别是夜间咳嗽6.6% (95%CI 14.7-18.6) ，鼻炎19.2% (95%CI 17.1-21.3) 和咳痰16.6% (95%CI 14.7-18.6)。调整了性别和地理区域因素后，低龄组喘息风险是高龄组的2倍(OR 2.09, 95%CI 1.29-3.39)。调整了年龄和性别因素后，城市儿童哮喘风险低于农村儿童 (OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.05-0.50)。城市儿童因呼吸道疾病导致的鼻炎、运动受限和缺课风险也低于农村儿童。
   结论：在城市中心开展的ISAAC调查中过敏性疾病症状的患病率低于非洲中心。在发展中国家的低SES地区，由于保健准入问题，医生诊断的哮喘不能显示哮喘实际患病率。

（林江涛 审校）
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2013 Jul;17(7):982-8. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0434.

 

Prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in children in a low socio-economic status area of Nigeria.
 

Adetoun Mustapha B, Briggs DJ, Hansell AL.
 

Abstract
SETTING: Warri and environs in the Niger Delta, in the Southern region of Nigeria.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the burden of respiratory illness in children in the Niger Delta.
DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey of 1397 schoolchildren aged 7-14 years in areas of low socio-economic status (SES), using written questionnaires in English based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire, with explanation of symptoms.
RESULTS: The prevalence of doctor-diagnosed asthma was 0.9% (95%CI 0.4-1.3), and wheeze in the last 12 months was 5.4% (95%CI 4.3-6.6). The prevalence of other respiratory symptoms was high, in particular night cough 23.3% (95%CI 21.1-25.5), rhinitis 19.2% (95%CI 17.1-21.3) and phlegm production 16.6% (95%CI 14.7-18.6). Risk of wheeze in the younger age groups was twice (OR 2.09, 95%CI 1.29-3.39) that of older ages after controlling for sex and geographical area. Risk of asthma in urban children was reduced (OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.05-0.50) compared to rural children after controlling for age and sex. Urban children also had a lower risk of rhinitis, exercise limitations and absenteeism due to respiratory illness than rural children.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of symptoms of allergic disease was lower than in the African centres in the ISAAC surveys conducted in urban centres. Doctor-diagnosed asthma is likely to be a poor indicator of asthma in low SES areas of developing countries due to health care access issues.
 

Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2013 Jul;17(7):982-8. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0434.