哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：职业性哮喘（OA）最可能在早期暴露期间发生
   目的：本研究旨在介绍面包师、糕点师(BP)和美发师的OA早期发生率，从中探讨遗传性过敏症的作用
   设计：根据回顾性随访研究设计，对研究对象进行了电话访问。对声称有与工作相关的呼吸道或鼻炎症状的研究对象和其他样本组进行OA医学检查。根据访问数据和医学检查数据估计随暴露时间增加的OA发病率
   结果：总共访问了866例研究对象（平均年龄25.3岁，女性占43.8%），其中282例进行了医学检查。BP组和美发师的确定/可能OA总发生率在暴露头12年中较高（BP 组：(2.63/100人/年 [py]) 美发师组：(0.58/100 py)），特别是在头4年中。遗传性过敏症是导致BP组哮喘发生的强危险因素，但是，不论职业场所如何，遗传性过敏症不影响OA症状的出现时间
   结论：OA症状在暴露开始后很快发生。我们的结果表明在两种不同的过敏原暴露情况中，遗传性过敏症不引起症状发生。
 

(林江涛 审校)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2013 Jul;17(7):973-81. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0864.
 

Early incidence of occupational asthma is not accelerated by atopy in the bakery/pastry and hairdressing sectors.
 

Rémen T, Acouetey DS, Paris C, Hannhart B, Poussel M, Chenuel B, Barbaud A, Zmirou-Navier D.
 

Abstract
SETTING: Occupational asthma (OA) is most likely to develop in the very early years of exposure.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the early incidence of OA among bakers/pastry-makers (BP) and hairdressers and to explore the role of atopy.
DESIGN: Following a retrospective follow-up design, subjects were invited to undergo telephone interviews. Those who declared work-related respiratory or rhinitis symptoms and a sample group of others were offered a medical visit for OA investigations. Data from interviews and from medical visits were used to estimate the incidence of OA according to increasing durations of exposure.
RESULTS: A total of 866 subjects were interviewed (mean age 25.3 years, 43.8% females), of whom 282 underwent a medical visit. Total estimated incidence rates of 'confirmed or probable' OA during the first 12 years of exposure were high in BP (2.63 per 100 person-years [py]) and in hairdressers (0.58/100 py), particularly in the first 4 years. Atopy is a strong risk factor for incidence among BP but, irrespective of the occupational sector, it does not influence the timing of OA symptoms.
CONCLUSION: OA symptoms occur soon after the start of exposure. Our results suggest that atopy does not precipitate the occurrence of symptoms in two different allergen exposure settings.
 

Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2013 Jul;17(7):973-81. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0864.