儿童单次高剂量花粉提取物舌下免疫治疗是安全、有效的:双盲、安慰剂-对照研究
2012/11/19
摘要
背景:舌下过敏原特异性免疫治疗是经皮免疫治疗的一个替代方法,特别适合于儿童使用。
目的:本试验为一项随机、双盲、安慰剂-对照研究,在花粉过敏儿童中研究高剂量舌下免疫治疗(SLIT)的疗效和安全性。
方法:基础状态下季节性观察后,207名4-12岁患花粉过敏性鼻炎/鼻结膜炎的儿童入选全球哮喘防治I/II研究,这些患儿包括支气管哮喘患儿和非支气管哮喘患儿。受试者每日采用高剂量花粉SLIT或安慰剂进行治疗,为期1个季度。主要终点为基线季度至开始治疗后1个季度内症状-药物治疗评分(SMS)的曲线下面积变化。次要终点为缓解天数、对治疗产生反应的患者数、免疫指标变化和安全性。
结果:SMS曲线下面积的平均变化在治疗组和安慰剂组分别为-212.5和-97.8(P = .0040)。鼻结膜炎SMS(P = 0.0020)和分离症状以及药物治疗评分在两组间存在显著差异(分别为P = 0.0121和P = 0.0226)。SLIT组患者缓解天数和治疗有效患者数显著高于对照组。过敏原特异性IgE和IgG水平发生变化,说明存在明显的免疫学效应。治疗耐受性好,未观察到严重的与治疗相关的事件。
结论:本文证实,SLIT治疗能显著改善花粉过敏的过敏性鼻结膜炎患儿的症状和药物使用。SLIT治疗对过敏原特异性抗体能产生显著影响,而且耐受性好,可能是花粉过敏患儿的一个有效治疗。
(刘国梁 审校)
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Aug 29. [Epub ahead of print]
High-dose sublingual immunotherapy with single-dose aqueous grass pollen extract in children is effective and safe: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Wahn U, Klimek L, Ploszczuk A, Adelt T, Sandner B, Trebas-Pietras E, Eberle P, Bufe A; SLIT Study Group.
Source
Department for Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy is a viable alternative to subcutaneous immunotherapy particularly attractive for use in children.
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated efficacy and safety of high-dose sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in children allergic to grass pollen in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
METHODS: After a baseline seasonal observation, 207 children aged 4 to 12 years with grass pollen-allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis with/without bronchial asthma (Global Initiative for Asthma I/II) received either high-dose grass pollen SLIT or placebo daily for 1 pre-/co-seasonal period. The primary end point was the change of the area under the curve of the symptom-medication score (SMS) from the baseline season to the first season after start of treatment. Secondary outcomes were well days, responders, immunologic changes, and safety.
RESULTS: Mean changes in the area under the curve of the SMS from the baseline to the first grass pollen season after the start of treatment were -212.5 for the active group and -97.8 for the placebo group (P = .0040). Rhinoconjunctivitis SMS (P = .0020) and separated symptom and medication scores were also statistically different between the 2 groups (P = .0121 and P = .0226, respectively). The number of well days and the percentage of responders were greater in the active group. Changes in allergen-specific IgE and IgG levels indicated a significant immunologic effect. The treatment was well tolerated, and no serious treatment-related events were reported.
CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that this SLIT preparation significantly reduced symptoms and medication use in children with grass pollen-allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. The preparation showed significant effects on allergen-specific antibodies, was well tolerated, and appeared to be a valid therapeutic option in children allergic to grass pollen.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Aug 29. [Epub ahead of print]
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