科威特哮喘治疗开支
2012/10/11
摘要
目的：评价科威特哮喘治疗的直接开支。
材料和方法：入选人群来自2005年至2008年的数据。治疗相关信息来自海湾和近东地区哮喘见解和现实研究（AIRGNE）。哮喘患病率和单位开支估计值基于Delphi技术计算。这些估计值应用于所有年龄在5岁以上的科威特人，以获得有哮喘诊断的患者人数。Delphi计算的估计值和AIRGNE研究结果用于确定在政府机构治疗的哮喘患者数。直接药物开支由卫生部提供。治疗开支（科威特第纳尔；KD）通过Delphi技术和AIRGNE数据计算。
结果：哮喘患病率在成人估计为15%，在儿童为18%（93923名成人；70158名儿童）。这些人中，84530（90%）成人和58932（84.0%）儿童在政府卫生机构治疗。住院治疗占总体直接开支的主要（43%），其次是急诊就诊（29%），门诊就诊和药物治疗分别占21%和7%。除了药物治疗，每年的治疗开支，成人为29946776第纳尔（107076063美元），儿童为24295439第纳尔（86869450美元）。包括药物治疗在内，每年哮喘治疗总的直接开支估计超过5800万第纳尔（2亿零7百万美元）。
结论：在科威特，哮喘治疗占医疗支出的较大部分。本研究的数据具有一定保守性，因为只选取了科威特的国家数据进行分析。由于高的医疗开支与急诊就诊和住院相关，而药物治疗开支较少，因此医生应该关注改善哮喘控制，而不是降低药物采购的开支。
（刘国梁 审校）
Med Princ Pract. 2012 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print]
Med Princ Pract. 2012 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print]
Source
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the direct costs of treating asthma in Kuwait.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Population figures were obtained from the 2005 census and projected to 2008. Treatment profiles were obtained from the Asthma Insights and Reality for the Gulf and Near East (AIRGNE) study. Asthma prevalence and unit cost estimates were based on results from a Delphi technique. These estimates were applied to the total Kuwaiti population aged 5 years and over to obtain the number of people diagnosed with asthma. The estimates from the Delphi exercise and the AIRGNE results were used to determine the number of asthma patients managed in government facilities. Direct drug costs were provided by the Ministry of Health. Treatment costs (Kuwaiti dinars, KD) were also calculated using the Delphi exercise and the AIRGNE data.
RESULTS: The prevalence of asthma was estimated to be 15% of adults and 18% of children (93,923 adults; 70,158 children). Of these, 84,530 (90%) adults and 58,932 (84.0%) children were estimated to be using government healthcare facilities. Inpatient visits accounted for the largest portion of total direct costs (43%), followed by emergency room visits (29%), outpatient visits (21%) and medications (7%). The annual cost of treatment, excluding medications, was KD 29,946,776 (USD 107,076,063) for adults and KD 24,295,439 (USD 86,869,450) for children. Including medications, the total annual direct cost of asthma treatment was estimated to be over KD 58 million (USD 207 million).
CONCLUSIONS: Asthma costs Kuwait a huge sum of money, though the estimates were conservative because only Kuwaiti nationals were included. Given the high medical expenditures associated with emergency room and inpatient visits, relative to lower medication costs, efforts should be focused on improving asthma control rather than reducing expenditure on procurement of medication.
Med Princ Pract. 2012 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print]
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LTC4S基因-444A/C多态性与哮喘风险的关系：荟萃分析
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儿童期哮喘的流行病学检测：横断面和纵向表现的一致性
