老年患者哮喘
2012/08/28
摘要
随着人群老龄化的进展,老年患者疾病的发病率呈现上升的趋势,这给卫生系统带来了不小的负担。尽管哮喘常常被认为是年轻人的疾病,但年龄超过55岁的哮喘患者其死亡率最高。哮喘症状及其加重使得55岁以上患者的生活质量产生严重的影响。由于患者自身因素和生理学因素的影响,老年患者哮喘常常诊断不足。老年患者哮喘药物治疗措施也主要是来自于对年轻哮喘患者的研究,因此,有效的药物治疗措施常常未在老年患者中得到证实。老年哮喘患者非常关心药物治疗的副作用,因此患者对治疗的依从常较差。此外,由于体力影响,这些患者在接受治疗和使用吸入器上存在困难。改善老年患者哮喘转归的实际措施研究也较少,适合年轻人的自我管理措施有可能并不适合老年患者。因此,有必要关注老年患者哮喘的发病机制、准确诊断、有效治疗,包括哮喘的自我管理和装置的使用。
(陈欣 审校)
Asia Pac Allergy. 2012 Apr;2(2):101-8. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
Asthma in the elderly.
Gillman A, Douglass JA.
Source
Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3004, Australia.
Abstract
As the population increases in age, the diseases of older age will have increasing prevalence and place a greater burden on the health system. Despite asthma being usually considered a disease of younger people, asthma mortality is currently greatest in the over 55 age-group. Symptoms and emergency presentations for health care due to asthma place a great burden on the quality of life of those over age 55 with asthma. Asthma in older people is under-diagnosed due to patient and physiological factors. Medication strategies for asthma have been dominantly derived from younger cohorts so that effective medication strategies have usually not been explored in older people. Older people with asthma are very concerned regarding side effects of medication so that adherence to therapeutic regimes is often poor. In addition physical disability can lead to difficulty in accessing treatment and using inhaler devices. Practical strategies to improve asthma outcomes in older people have been studied infrequently and the goals of self-management suitable for younger age-groups may not be applicable in this group. Consequently, asthma in older people is deserving of further attention both to basic mechanisms of disease, precision in diagnosis and effective therapeutic strategies, including those that involve self-management and device use。
Asia Pac Allergy. 2012 Apr;2(2):101-8. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
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与城市哮喘患儿看护人完成行为干预措施有关的因素
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儿童哮喘的国际共识(ICON)