吸烟、焦虑和情绪障碍对哮喘控制的单独和联合影响
2012/04/06
前言:尽管已经有了有效的哮喘治疗,研究显示仍然有超过50%的哮喘患者哮喘控制较差。较差的哮喘控制被认为与行为(如吸烟)和心理(如焦虑和抑郁)因素等相关。然而,有关吸烟、焦虑或情绪障碍单独和联合对成人哮喘控制的影响尚不清楚。
方法:共计796名哮喘成人患者入选。收集社会人口统计学数据,并记录病史。采用初级医疗机构精神障碍评价指南对患者进行精神疾病相关访谈。哮喘控制通过哮喘控制问卷调查评分评价。
结果:对性别、年龄和吸入激素剂量进行校正后,一般线性模型分析显示当前吸烟(B [SE] = 0.156 [0.059],P=0.008)、焦虑(B [SE] = 0.408 [0.095],P= <0.001)和情绪障碍(B [SE] = 0.448 [0.098],P= <0.001)对哮喘控制有重要影响。每年吸烟量(包)与哮喘控制无关,此外,当前吸烟或吸烟量与焦虑或情绪障碍对哮喘控制的影响。不存在相互影响。
结论:我们研究结果显示,当前吸烟、焦虑和情绪障碍与哮喘控制较差独立相关,但累积的吸烟史(吸烟量)与哮喘控制差无相关性。这些结果显示,不管之前吸烟量如何,戒烟可能对哮喘控制有正面影响,此外,针对焦虑和情绪障碍采取干预措施可能也会改善哮喘控制。
(苏楠 审校)
Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Feb 21. [Epub ahead of print]
Individual and Combined Impact of Cigarette Smoking, Anxiety, and Mood Disorders on Asthma Control.
Ouellet K, Bacon SL, Boudreau M, Plourde A, Moullec G, Lavoie KL.
Source
Department of Psychology, Montréal Behavioural Medicine Centre, University of Quebec at Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Center-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada. k-lavoie@crhsc.rtss.qc.ca.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Despite the availability of effective therapies, research indicates that more than 50% of asthmatics are poorly controlled. Poor asthma control has been linked to behavioral (i.e., cigarette smoking) and psychological factors (i.e., anxiety and depression). However, little is known about the individual versus combined impact of cigarette smoking and anxiety or mood disorders in adult asthmatics on asthma control.
METHODS: A total of 796 confirmed adult asthma patients completed a sociodemographic and medical history interview and underwent a psychiatric interview using the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Asthma control was evaluated using the Asthma Control Questionnaire.
RESULTS: After adjusting for age, sex, and dose of inhaled corticosteroids, general linear model analyses indicated a significant main effect of current smoking on asthma control (B [SE] = 0.156 [0.059], p = .008) and main effects of anxiety disorders (B [SE] = 0.408 [0.095], p = < .001) and mood disorders (B [SE] = 0.448 [0.098], p = < .001) on asthma control. Pack-years were not associated with asthma control, and there were no interaction effects of current smoking or pack-years with either anxiety or mood disorders on asthma control.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that current smoking, having an anxiety disorder, and having a mood disorder are independently associated with poorer asthma control but that cumulative smoking history (i.e., pack-years) was not associated with worse asthma control. These results indicate that smoking cessation may have a positive impact on asthma control levels in spite of past smoking intensity and highlight the importance of interventions that target anxiety and mood disorders in adult asthmatics.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Feb 21. [Epub ahead of print]
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