哮喘急性发作儿童采用无创方法检测肺功能和炎症水平
2012/01/31
摘要
目的:在哮喘急性发作的患儿中进行肺功能和炎症水平的检测,开展这些检测的比例到底有多少,目前数据很少。本试验是研究在哮喘急性发作的患儿中使用无创性肺功能检测和呼出气一氧化氮(FENO)检测的频率,以及与成功实施检测相关的患者特征。
方法:本试验是对儿科急诊部哮喘急性发作的5~17岁患儿进行前瞻性的研究。治疗之前,通过肺活量测试,检测第一秒用力呼出气体积预计百分比(%FEV1),同时检测气道阻力(Rint)和FENO。计算总体检测率,评价成功实施检测与年龄、性别、种族和基础状态下急性哮喘严重程度评分之间的相关性。
结果:573名患儿入选,中位年龄为8.8岁(四分位间距:6.8, 11.5),60%为男性,57%为非洲裔美国人,58%有医疗保险。成功实施检测的患者如下:采用美国胸科协会-欧洲呼吸学会标准进行肺活量检测,有331名(58%)患者接受检测;561名(98%)患者接受Rint检测;505名试图检测的患者中,354名(70%)接受检测。60%的轻中度哮喘恶化患者接受肺活量检测,而仅有17%的重度哮喘发作患者接受肺活量检测(p =0.0001)。与5~7岁患儿(48%)和13~17岁患儿(58%)相比,8~12岁患儿(67%)更有可能接受肺活量检测[(OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.45-3.11)和(OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.00-2.59)]。
结论:哮喘急性发作时,对患者实施上述检查因人、疾病而异。重度哮喘发作患儿接受肺活量检测者仅有17%,显著限制了肺活量在这些患者中的应用。虽然所有急性哮喘患儿均能接受Rint测试,有必要对该技术进行改进和效果验证。
(苏楠 审校)
J Asthma. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
Noninvasive Testing of Lung Function and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Acute Asthma Exacerbations.
Arnold DH, Gebretsadik T, Abramo TJ, Hartert TV.
Source
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, TN, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:There is limited information on performance rates for tests of lung function and inflammation in pediatric patients with acute asthma exacerbations. We sought to examine how frequently pediatric patients with acute asthma exacerbations could perform noninvasive lung function and exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)) testing and participant characteristics associated with successful performance.
METHODS:We studied a prospective convenience sample aged 5-17 years with acute asthma exacerbations in a pediatric emergency department. Participants attempted spirometry for percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV(1)), airway resistance (Rint), and FE(NO) testing before treatment. We examined overall performance rates and the associations of age, gender, race, and baseline acute asthma severity score with successful test performance.
RESULTS:Among 573 participants, age was (median [interquartile range]) 8.8 [6.8, 11.5] years, 60% were male, 57% were African-American, and 58% had Medicaid insurance. Tests were performed successfully by the following [n (%)]: full American Thoracic Society-European Respiratory Society criteria spirometry, 331 (58%); Rint, 561 (98%); and FE(NO), 354 (70% of 505 attempted test). Sixty percent with mild-moderate exacerbations performed spirometry compared to 17% with severe exacerbations (p = .0001). Participants aged 8-12 years (67%) were more likely to perform spirometry than those aged 5-7 years (48%) (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.45-3.11) or 13-17 years (58%) (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.00-2.59).
CONCLUSIONS:There is clinically important variability in performance of these tests during acute asthma exacerbations. The proportion of patients with severe exacerbations able to perform spirometry (17%) limits its utility. Almost all children with acute asthma can perform Rint testing, and further development and validation of this technology is warranted.
J Asthma. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
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在儿童中采用脉冲振荡评价小气道与哮喘控制的关系
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临床特征不能区分过敏性和非过敏性哮喘患儿