在儿童中采用脉冲振荡评价小气道与哮喘控制的关系
2012/01/31
摘要
背景:前期研究显示,外周气道与哮喘控制相关。患儿病史虽然比较主观,但大致可用于评价哮喘控制,因为肺活量结果多数时间表现正常。脉冲振荡(IOS)是一项用于检测肺功能的无创性、客观方法,能分别检测小气道和大气道阻塞。
目的:研究IOS在评价哮喘患儿哮喘控制中的作用。
方法:年龄为6~17岁的哮喘患儿和健康儿童入选。在使用支气管扩张剂前后,分别3次检测肺活量和IOS(5 Hz [R5]和20 Hz [R20])时呼吸系统阻力;5 Hz时呼吸系统电抗[X5];电抗共振频率[Fres];5 Hz和Fres之间电抗曲线下面积[电抗面积{AX}])。对IOS检测结果不知晓的医生基于检测结果,根据美国胸科协会指南,对哮喘控制进行评价。
结果:哮喘未控制患儿(n= 44)的小气道IOS检测指标,包括R5与R20差值[R5-20]、X5、Fres和AX,与哮喘控制患儿(n= 57)和健康儿童之间存在显著差异,特别是在给予支气管扩张剂之前。然而,大气道IOS值(R20)之间无显著差异。哮喘控制患儿和健康儿童之间,在各检测指标上未见显著差异。受试者工作特征分析显示,在基础水平下,能鉴别哮喘控制患者和哮喘未控制患者的R5-20和AX临界值分别为1.5 cmH2O/L/s和9.5 cm H2O/L,其曲线下面积分别为0.86 和0.84,能鉴别80%以上的患者。
结论:哮喘未控制与小气道功能障碍相关,IOS可以作为一项可靠的、无创的方法,来评价儿童哮喘控制状态。
(苏楠 审校)
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Dec 17. [Epub ahead of print]
Relating small airways to asthma control by using impulse oscillometry in children.
Shi Y, Aledia AS, Tatavoosian AV, Vijayalakshmi S, Galant SP, George SC.
Source
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Calif.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous reports suggest that the peripheral airways are associated with asthma control. Patient history, although subjective, is used largely to assess asthma control in children because spirometric results are many times normal values. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is an objective and noninvasive measurement of lung function that has the potential to examine independently both small- and large-airway obstruction.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the utility of IOS in assessing asthma control in children.
METHODS: Asthmatic and healthy children (6-17 years) were enrolled in the study. Spirometric and IOS (resistance of the respiratory system at 5 Hz [R5] and 20 Hz [R20], reactance of the respiratory system at 5 Hz [X5], resonant frequency of reactance [Fres], and area under the reactance curve between 5 Hz and Fres [reactance area {AX}]) values were collected in triplicate before and after a bronchodilator was administered. The physicians were blinded to the IOS measurements and assessed asthma control using American Thoracic Society guidelines.
RESULTS: Small-airway IOS measurements, including the difference of R5 and R20 [R5-20], X5, Fres, and AX, of children with uncontrolled asthma (n = 44) were significantly different from those of children with controlled asthma (n = 57) and healthy children (n = 14), especially before the administration of a bronchodilator. However, there was no difference in large-airway IOS values (R20). No differences were found between children with controlled asthma and healthy children in any of the end points. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed cut points for baseline R5-20 (1.5 cm H(2)O • L(-1) • s) and AX (9.5 cm H(2)O • L(-1)) that effectively discriminated controlled versus uncontrolled asthma (area under the curve, 0.86 and 0.84) and correctly classified more than 80% of the population.
CONCLUSION: Uncontrolled asthma is associated with small-airways dysfunction, and IOS might be a reliable and noninvasive method to assess asthma control in children.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Dec 17. [Epub ahead of print]