鼻息肉患者气道功能障碍:哮喘的一种表现
2011/08/11
摘要
背景:同时伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎(CRSwNP)模型是研究非过敏性气道疾病的有趣模型。CRSwNP中与气道功能障碍相关的因素尚不完全清楚。
目的:在CRSwNP中评价鼻部疾病对下气道功能障碍的影响。
方法:57名CRSwNP 患者接受肺活量、鼻内镜、呼出气一氧化氮检测,并进行乙酰甲胆碱支气管激发试验,检测血总IgE、嗜酸性粒细胞计数和放射过敏原吸附试验(NCT00788749)。共找到3个哮喘表现型:哮喘组(诊断为哮喘);炎症组[无哮喘诊断,但呼出气一氧化氮分数(FeNO)增加和/或支气管高反应(BHR)]和非炎症组(无哮喘诊断,无BHR,FeNO正常)。进行组间比较、单变量和多变量分析,研究这些指标与气道功能异常的关系。
结果:哮喘组FEV1和FEF25-75%下降,但两个非哮喘组间无显著差异。哮喘组与非炎症组相比,总IgE和嗜酸性粒细胞增加,但哮喘组和炎症组间无显著差异。BHR是唯一一个FEV1的重要预测因子(P<0.001)。对于FEF25-75,BHR和嗜酸性粒细胞计数是独立的预测因子(分别为P<0.001和P=0.04)。鼻部疾病转归不是肺活量的预测因子。
结论与临床相关性:CRSwNP中,存在无症状气道功能障碍,表现为不同的哮喘表现型。肺功能受损与BHR和嗜酸性粒细胞增多显著相关,但与鼻部疾病相关的参数无关,表明气道功能异常的严重程度与哮喘疾病谱相关,而与鼻-鼻窦炎无关。CRSwNP中下气道功能障碍较为常见,但与鼻部疾病的严重程度无关。我们应该寻找CRSwNP患者的哮喘症状和体征,并对其进行治疗。
(苏楠 审校)
Clin Exp Allergy. 2011 Jun 16. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03793.x. [Epub ahead of print]
Airway dysfunction in nasal polyposis: a spectrum of asthmatic disease?
Williamson PA, Vaidyanathan S, Clearie K, Barnes M, Lipworth BJ.
Source
Asthma & Allergy Research Group, Centre for Cardiovascular and Lung Biology, Division of Medical Sciences, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK.
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) represents an interesting model to investigate the existence of a non-allergic unified airway. The factors associated with airway dysfunction in CRSwNP are not fully understood. Objective To assess the impact of nasal disease on lower airway dysfunction in CRSwNP. Methods Fifty-seven patients with CRSwNP underwent spirometry, nasal endoscopy, exhaled nitric oxide, methacholine bronchial challenge, blood sampling for total IgE, eosinophil count and radioallergosorbent testing (NCT00788749). Three phenotypic groups were identified: ’asthma group’ (asthma diagnosis); ’inflammatory group’ [no asthma diagnosis, but elevated fractionated exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO) ) and/or bronchial-hyperreactivity (BHR)]; and ’non-inflammatory group’ (no asthma diagnosis, no BHR and normal FE(NO) ). Group comparisons, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine associations with airway dysfunction. Results FEV(1) and FEF(25-75%) were reduced in asthma, but there was no difference between the non-asthmatic groups. Total IgE and eosinophils were elevated in asthma vs. the non-inflammatory group, but there was no difference for asthma vs. inflammatory groups. BHR was the only significant predictor of FEV(1) (P<0.001). For FEF(25-75) , BHR and eosinophil count were independent predictors (P<0.001 and P=0.04). Nasal outcomes were not predictors of spirometry. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance In CRSwNP there is asymptomatic airway dysfunction suggestive of an asthmatic phenotype. Impairment of lung function is significantly associated with BHR and eosinophilia but not parameters of nasal disease suggesting that severity of airway dysfunction relates to the spectrum of asthma rather than rhinosinusitis. Lower airway dysfunction is common in CRSwNP but does not correlate to the severity of nasal disease. Signs and symptoms of asthma should be sought and treated in CRSwNP.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2011 Jun 16. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03793.x. [Epub ahead of print]
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杆菌来源的聚γ-谷氨酸通过Toll样受体4依赖性通路减缓鼠类哮喘模型中过敏性气道炎症
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哮喘的全基因组关联研究