杆菌来源的聚γ-谷氨酸通过Toll样受体4依赖性通路减缓鼠类哮喘模型中过敏性气道炎症
2011/08/11
摘要
背景:哮喘为一种由Th2反应介导的气道炎症性疾病。聚γ-谷氨酸(γ-PGA)为细胞外多聚复合物,由杆菌细胞合成。前期研究发现,γ-PGA 能促进Th1细胞发育,该过程依赖于抗原提呈细胞,但γ-PGA 却抑制Th2细胞发育。
目的:研究γ-PGA 对树突状细胞(DC)的影响,及其在治疗Th2细胞介导的过敏性哮喘中的作用。
方法:选取野生型、Toll样受体(TLR)-2缺陷和TLR-4缺陷小鼠,提取骨髓和肺部的DC,采用γ-PGA进行刺激,分析信号分子、共刺激分子和细胞因子的表达。小鼠采用卵清蛋白致敏和激发,诱导哮喘。在哮喘诱导前和诱导时,经鼻腔反复给予γ-PGA,检测气道的炎症和结构重构。
结果: γ-PGA能选择性激发传统DCs,活化NF-κB和有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶,导致CD86、CD40和IL-12的上调,但对IL-10和IL-6无影响。γ-PGA的影响依赖于TLR-4,不依赖于TLR-2。重要的是,致敏/激发的哮喘鼻内给予γ-PGA能降低气道高反应性和过敏性炎症(如白细胞浸润、杯状细胞过度增生、嗜酸性粒细胞增加、Th2细胞因子产生)。除了较低的IgE滴度,γ-PGA治疗能显著增加过敏原特异性再刺激后纵隔淋巴结T细胞的增殖和极化。γ-PGA的抗哮喘作用在TLR-4缺陷小鼠未观察到。
结论和临床相关性:我们的研究显示,γ-PGA能活化DC,诱导Th1细胞,该作用依赖于TLR-4通路,而且γ-PGA能缓解Th2相关哮喘模型中动物的病理症状。这些结果表明,γ-PGA对Th2为主的哮喘和其他过敏性疾病具有治疗作用。
(苏楠 审校)
Clin Exp Allergy. 2011 Jun 14. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03792.x. [Epub ahead of print]
Bacillus-derived poly-γ-glutamic acid attenuates allergic airway inflammation through a Toll-like receptor-4-dependent pathway in a murine model of asthma.
Lee K, Kim SH, Yoon HJ, Paik DJ, Kim JM, Youn J.
Source
Department of Biomedical Sciences Department of Internal Medicine Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
Background Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways that is mediated by Th2 responses. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is an extracellular polymeric compound that is synthesized by Bacillus cells. Previously, we found that γ-PGA promoted Th1 cell development in a manner dependent on antigen-presenting cells, but inhibited Th2 cell development. Objective To investigate the effect of γ-PGA on dendritic cells (DCs), and its potential for treating Th2-mediated allergic asthma. Methods Wild-type, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 deficient, and TLR-4-defective mice were used. DCs derived from the bone marrow and extracted from the lung were stimulated with γ-PGA and assayed for the expression of signalling molecules, costimulatory molecules, and cytokines. Mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to induce asthma. They were repeatedly injected intranasally with γ-PGA before and during the challenge period, and inflammation and structural remodelling of the airways were examined. Results γ-PGA selectively signalled conventional DCs to activate NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase, leading to the up-regulation of CD86, CD40, and IL-12, but not IL-10 and IL-6. These effects of γ-PGA were dependent on TLR-4 and independent of TLR-2. Importantly, the intranasal administration of γ-PGA to OVA-sensitized/challenged mice reduced the airway hyperresponsiveness and allergic inflammation such as leucocyte influx, goblet cell hyperplasia, eosinophilia, and Th2 cytokine production. In addition to lowered IgE titres, the treatment of mice with γ-PGA significantly reduced the multiplication and Th2 polarization of mediastinal lymph node T cells upon allergen-specific restimulation. These anti-asthmatic effects of γ-PGA were also abolished in TLR-4-defective mice. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Our data indicate that γ-PGA activates DCs to favour Th1 cell induction through a TLR-4-dependent pathway and alleviates pathologic symptoms in a Th2-biased asthmatic model. These findings highlight the potential of γ-PGA for the treatment of asthma and other allergic disease in which Th2 polarization plays an important role.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2011 Jun 14. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03792.x. [Epub ahead of print]
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血清脂氧素A4水平不能预测急性支气管炎年轻患儿后期的哮喘发生
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