饮食钠的控制和哮喘
2011/05/11
摘要
背景：哮喘发病呈现着明显的地域性差异，观察性研究显示，这可能与饮食中钠的摄入量差异有关。
目的：评价饮食钠的摄入控制对哮喘控制的影响。
检索策略：在Cochrane气道研究小组注册的哮喘研究中检索相关随机对照试验。最近一次检索是在2010年11月。
选择标准：有关哮喘患者饮食钠摄入降低或增加的随机对照试验。
数据收集和分析：两名作者提取研究数据并对研究进行评价。在RevMan 5软件中采用平均差和随机效应对数据进行分析。
主要结果：共找到9项与哮喘患者钠摄入控制相关的研究，其中5项研究为哮喘患者（n=318），4项研究为运动诱发的哮喘患者（n=63）。结果显示，钠盐摄入限制对哮喘控制无显著影响。有关运动诱发哮喘的研究显示，低钠饮食能改善运动后的肺功能，也有可能改善基线状态肺功能，但该结果是基于小样本人群得出的。
作者结论：本研究并未找到支持饮食钠盐摄入减少能改善哮喘控制的证据。虽然饮食钠盐摄入下降能改善运动诱发的哮喘患者的肺功能，但该作用的临床意义尚不清楚。
（苏楠 审校）
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Mar 16;3:CD000436.
Dietary sodium manipulation and asthma.
Pogson Z, McKeever T.
Respiratory Medicine, Sherwood Forest NHS Trust, Kings Mills Hospital, Sutton in Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, UK, NG17 4JL.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is a wide geographical variation in the prevalence of asthma and observational studies have suggested that dietary sodium may play a role.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of dietary sodium manipulation on asthma control.
SEARCH STRATEGY: We carried out a search using the Cochrane Airways Group asthma register. We searched the bibliographies of included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for additional studies. We carried out the most recent search in November 2010.
SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered only RCTs that involved dietary sodium reduction or increased sodium intake in patients with asthma.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Both review authors assessed study and extracted data. We conducted data analyses in RevMan 5 using mean differences and random effects.
MAIN RESULTS: We identified a total of nine studies in relation to sodium manipulation and asthma, of which five were in people with asthma (318 participants), and four in people with exercise-induced asthma (63 participants). There were no significant benefits of salt restriction on the control of asthma. There was some evidence from the exercise-induced asthma studies that a low sodium diet may improve lung function after exercise and possibly baseline lung function, but this is based on findings from a very small numbers of participants.
AUTHORS’ CONCLUSIONS: This review did not find any evidence that dietary sodium reduction significantly improves asthma control. Although dietary sodium reduction may result in improvements in lung function in exercise-induced asthma, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Mar 16;3:CD000436.
背景：哮喘发病呈现着明显的地域性差异，观察性研究显示，这可能与饮食中钠的摄入量差异有关。
目的：评价饮食钠的摄入控制对哮喘控制的影响。
检索策略：在Cochrane气道研究小组注册的哮喘研究中检索相关随机对照试验。最近一次检索是在2010年11月。
选择标准：有关哮喘患者饮食钠摄入降低或增加的随机对照试验。
数据收集和分析：两名作者提取研究数据并对研究进行评价。在RevMan 5软件中采用平均差和随机效应对数据进行分析。
主要结果：共找到9项与哮喘患者钠摄入控制相关的研究，其中5项研究为哮喘患者（n=318），4项研究为运动诱发的哮喘患者（n=63）。结果显示，钠盐摄入限制对哮喘控制无显著影响。有关运动诱发哮喘的研究显示，低钠饮食能改善运动后的肺功能，也有可能改善基线状态肺功能，但该结果是基于小样本人群得出的。
作者结论：本研究并未找到支持饮食钠盐摄入减少能改善哮喘控制的证据。虽然饮食钠盐摄入下降能改善运动诱发的哮喘患者的肺功能，但该作用的临床意义尚不清楚。
（苏楠 审校）
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Mar 16;3:CD000436.
Dietary sodium manipulation and asthma.
Pogson Z, McKeever T.
Respiratory Medicine, Sherwood Forest NHS Trust, Kings Mills Hospital, Sutton in Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, UK, NG17 4JL.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is a wide geographical variation in the prevalence of asthma and observational studies have suggested that dietary sodium may play a role.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of dietary sodium manipulation on asthma control.
SEARCH STRATEGY: We carried out a search using the Cochrane Airways Group asthma register. We searched the bibliographies of included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for additional studies. We carried out the most recent search in November 2010.
SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered only RCTs that involved dietary sodium reduction or increased sodium intake in patients with asthma.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Both review authors assessed study and extracted data. We conducted data analyses in RevMan 5 using mean differences and random effects.
MAIN RESULTS: We identified a total of nine studies in relation to sodium manipulation and asthma, of which five were in people with asthma (318 participants), and four in people with exercise-induced asthma (63 participants). There were no significant benefits of salt restriction on the control of asthma. There was some evidence from the exercise-induced asthma studies that a low sodium diet may improve lung function after exercise and possibly baseline lung function, but this is based on findings from a very small numbers of participants.
AUTHORS’ CONCLUSIONS: This review did not find any evidence that dietary sodium reduction significantly improves asthma control. Although dietary sodium reduction may result in improvements in lung function in exercise-induced asthma, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Mar 16;3:CD000436.
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2个出生队列研究（ALSPAC和PIAMA）中儿童喘息表现型的比较
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Th9：在哮喘发病机制中新的作用
