Th9：在哮喘发病机制中新的作用
2011/05/11
摘要
CD4+ T辅助（Th）细胞是哺乳动物适应性免疫反应的重要调节因素。最初基于其产生的细胞因子，将CD4+ Th细胞分为Th1或Th2亚型。然而在过去的20年内，研究者对CD4+ Th细胞的分化、功能、基因表达的深入了解，使得发现了一些新的亚型，如Th17细胞和诱导的调节性T细胞。近期，研究者对这些免疫调节细胞中的另一种新的细胞亚型特征进行了研究。Th9细胞最初归类于Th2细胞亚型，主要产生大量的Th2特异性细胞因子白介素9。然而，实验分析显示，Th9细胞具有比较广泛的调节能力，参与了机体的不同免疫反应。特别是，目前已经了解的，Th9参与了过敏症（特别是哮喘）的发生和进展。
本文对CD4+ Th细胞的异质性和生物学进行综述，对Th9细胞和白介素9的特征进行总结，以便更好的了解这些细胞或因子在疾病进程中的作用，特别是过敏性哮喘。
（林江涛 审校）
J Asthma. 2011 Mar;48(2):115-25. Epub 2011 Feb 7.
Th9: a new player in asthma pathogenesis?
Xing J, Wu Y, Ni B.
Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
Abstract
CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells act as important regulators of the mammalian adaptive immune response. CD4(+) Th cells were originally characterized as either Th1 or Th2 types, based on the cytokines they produce. Over the past two decades, however, we have attained a much more detailed understanding of CD4(+) T-cell differentiation, functions, and gene expression profiles, which led to the identification of additional types, such as the Th17 and induced regulatory T cells. Recently, researchers have characterized yet another novel and distinct population that exists among these immune-modulatory cells. The ’Th9’ cells were first identified as a Th2 subpopulation that produced exceptionally large quantities of the Th2-specific cytokine interleukin 9. However, experimental analysis revealed that Th9 cells had divergent regulatory capabilities and were critically involved in different immune processes. In particular, we now know that Th9 acts as a major contributor to the onset and progression of allergies, especially asthma. Here, we will review the heterogeneity and biology of CD4(+) Th cells and summarize the characteristics known to date of interleukin 9 and Th9 cells to build a framework for better understanding of their roles in disease processes, especially in allergy-induced asthma.
J Asthma. 2011 Mar;48(2):115-25. Epub 2011 Feb 7.
CD4+ T辅助（Th）细胞是哺乳动物适应性免疫反应的重要调节因素。最初基于其产生的细胞因子，将CD4+ Th细胞分为Th1或Th2亚型。然而在过去的20年内，研究者对CD4+ Th细胞的分化、功能、基因表达的深入了解，使得发现了一些新的亚型，如Th17细胞和诱导的调节性T细胞。近期，研究者对这些免疫调节细胞中的另一种新的细胞亚型特征进行了研究。Th9细胞最初归类于Th2细胞亚型，主要产生大量的Th2特异性细胞因子白介素9。然而，实验分析显示，Th9细胞具有比较广泛的调节能力，参与了机体的不同免疫反应。特别是，目前已经了解的，Th9参与了过敏症（特别是哮喘）的发生和进展。
本文对CD4+ Th细胞的异质性和生物学进行综述，对Th9细胞和白介素9的特征进行总结，以便更好的了解这些细胞或因子在疾病进程中的作用，特别是过敏性哮喘。
（林江涛 审校）
J Asthma. 2011 Mar;48(2):115-25. Epub 2011 Feb 7.
Th9: a new player in asthma pathogenesis?
Xing J, Wu Y, Ni B.
Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
Abstract
CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells act as important regulators of the mammalian adaptive immune response. CD4(+) Th cells were originally characterized as either Th1 or Th2 types, based on the cytokines they produce. Over the past two decades, however, we have attained a much more detailed understanding of CD4(+) T-cell differentiation, functions, and gene expression profiles, which led to the identification of additional types, such as the Th17 and induced regulatory T cells. Recently, researchers have characterized yet another novel and distinct population that exists among these immune-modulatory cells. The ’Th9’ cells were first identified as a Th2 subpopulation that produced exceptionally large quantities of the Th2-specific cytokine interleukin 9. However, experimental analysis revealed that Th9 cells had divergent regulatory capabilities and were critically involved in different immune processes. In particular, we now know that Th9 acts as a major contributor to the onset and progression of allergies, especially asthma. Here, we will review the heterogeneity and biology of CD4(+) Th cells and summarize the characteristics known to date of interleukin 9 and Th9 cells to build a framework for better understanding of their roles in disease processes, especially in allergy-induced asthma.
J Asthma. 2011 Mar;48(2):115-25. Epub 2011 Feb 7.
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