肯塔基州东南部室内生物燃料污染物暴露与哮喘患病率:来自于阻塞性肺疾病负担研究(BOLD)的结果
2011/01/27
摘要
背景:哮喘为慢性炎症性呼吸道疾病,表现为阵发性、可逆性气流阻塞和气道高反应性,受基因和环境因素的影响。
方法:阻塞性肺疾病负担研究(the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease,BOLD)旨在肯塔基州东南部325000名≥40岁的成人中研究自我主诉的哮喘发病率。使用支气管扩张剂后进行肺活量检测,基于肺功能将患者分类。评价本研究人群的危险因素,特别是室内生物燃料的使用。
结果:本研究入选508名成人,其中15.5%主诉目前存在哮喘,5.8%主诉之前有哮喘。本研究人群的哮喘危险因素包括:女性、吸烟、中等教育程度以下、体重指数(BMI)增加、室内使用煤和木材进行烹饪史。室内使用煤和木材进行烹饪时间长于6个月的成人其主诉当前哮喘的优势比显著增加(OR:2.3;CI:1.1, 5.0),然而使用煤和木材取暖的成人中未见上述相关性(OR = 0.8, CI 0.4, 1.8)。
结论:有约21.3%的成人主诉当前或前期存在哮喘。本研究人群中,采用煤和木材烹饪能显著增加主诉当前哮喘风险。
(苏楠 审校)
J Asthma. 2010 Aug 18. [Epub ahead of print]
Exposure to Indoor Biomass Fuel Pollutants and Asthma Prevalence in Southeastern Kentucky: Results From the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) Study.
Barry AC, Mannino DM, Hopenhayn C, Bush H.
Univesity of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A.
Abstract
Background. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease, characterized by episodic and reversible airflow obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
Methods. The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) survey was used to determine the prevalence of self-reported asthma in a target population of 325,000 adults aged >/=40 in Southeastern Kentucky. Postbronchodilator spirometry was used to classify subjects based on lung function. Risk factors for asthma in this population, in particular indoor usage of biomass fuels, were evaluated.
Results. The overall study population was comprised of 508 individuals, with 15.5% reporting current asthma and 5.8% reporting former asthma. In this population, the following risk factors for asthma were identified: female sex, smoking, less than a high school education, increasing body mass index (BMI), and a history of cooking indoors with coal and wood. Cooking indoors with wood and coal for more than 6 months of one’s life was shown to significantly increase the odds of reporting current asthma (odds ratio (OR) = 2.3, confidence interval (CI) 1.1, 5.0), whereas no effect was seen from a history of heating indoors with wood and coal (OR = 0.8, CI 0.4, 1.8).
Conclusions. Current or former asthma was reported by 21.3% of the adult population. A history of using biomass fuels when cooking indoors significantly increased the risk of reporting current asthma in this population.
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