烟草添加成分能增加烟草依赖？：一项详细分析
2012/05/08
通过比较传统烟草吸烟者和烤烟吸烟者的戒断率，评价烟草添加成分导致吸烟依赖的可能性。该比较是一种有效的方法，评价传统烟草成分（>20种）和烤烟（无或很少烟草成分）。尼古丁替代治疗（NRT）临床随机试验中，对108个治疗组和108个对照组，采用logistic回归分析进行单独分析。结果显示传统烟草吸烟者的戒断率轻微增加（治疗组OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.70-2.13；对照组OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.14-1.53）。采用分类树对对照组进行分析，结果显示传统烟草吸烟者和烤烟吸烟者的戒断率无显著差异。进一步分析显示，NRT联合心理支持的研究中，戒断率比其他无心理支持的研究中戒断率增加2倍。此外，与点戒断相比，持续戒断在两者间存在显著差异。荟萃分析显示，NRT的汇总OR与近期有关NRT的综述结果相似。总体来说，我们结果显示，传统混合卷烟并未增加吸烟的依赖性。
(林江涛 审校)
Inhal Toxicol. 2012 Mar;24(4):227-45.
Does the use of ingredients added to tobacco increase cigarette addictiveness?: A detailed analysis.
Sanders E, Weitkunat R, Utan A, Dempsey R.
Source
Edward Sanders Scientific Consulting , Neuchâtel , Switzerland.
Abstract
The possibility that ingredients added to tobacco contribute to the addictiveness of cigarette smoking was evaluated by comparing cessation rates of smokers of traditional blended cigarettes to those of smokers of flue-cured cigarettes. Such a comparison is a valid means of assessing cigarette ingredients as traditional blended cigarettes contain ingredients (>20), whereas flue-cured cigarettes contain no or very few ingredients. Separate analysis of 108 treatment groups and 108 control groups from randomized clinical trials of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) were performed by multiple logistic regressions. The results of these analyses demonstrated slightly higher quit rates for smokers of blended cigarettes (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.70-2.13 and OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.14-1.53 for treatment and control groups, respectively). The control groups were also investigated using classification tree analysis from which no difference in quit rates were observed for smokers of either type of cigarette. Further analyses showed that studies that utilized a high level of psychological support in conjunction with NRT produced at least a two-fold increase in quit rates compared to studies that utilized a low level of psychological support. It was also demonstrated that there is a large difference when results were reported by sustained abstinence compared to point prevalence. Additional meta-analyses found the pooled OR for NRT treatment to be in exact agreement with a recent review that assessed the effectiveness of NRT. Overall these results strongly suggest that ingredients used in the manufacture of traditional blended cigarettes do not increase the inherent addictiveness of cigarettes.
Inhal Toxicol. 2012 Mar;24(4):227-45.
(林江涛 审校)
Inhal Toxicol. 2012 Mar;24(4):227-45.
Does the use of ingredients added to tobacco increase cigarette addictiveness?: A detailed analysis.
Sanders E, Weitkunat R, Utan A, Dempsey R.
Source
Edward Sanders Scientific Consulting , Neuchâtel , Switzerland.
Abstract
The possibility that ingredients added to tobacco contribute to the addictiveness of cigarette smoking was evaluated by comparing cessation rates of smokers of traditional blended cigarettes to those of smokers of flue-cured cigarettes. Such a comparison is a valid means of assessing cigarette ingredients as traditional blended cigarettes contain ingredients (>20), whereas flue-cured cigarettes contain no or very few ingredients. Separate analysis of 108 treatment groups and 108 control groups from randomized clinical trials of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) were performed by multiple logistic regressions. The results of these analyses demonstrated slightly higher quit rates for smokers of blended cigarettes (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.70-2.13 and OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.14-1.53 for treatment and control groups, respectively). The control groups were also investigated using classification tree analysis from which no difference in quit rates were observed for smokers of either type of cigarette. Further analyses showed that studies that utilized a high level of psychological support in conjunction with NRT produced at least a two-fold increase in quit rates compared to studies that utilized a low level of psychological support. It was also demonstrated that there is a large difference when results were reported by sustained abstinence compared to point prevalence. Additional meta-analyses found the pooled OR for NRT treatment to be in exact agreement with a recent review that assessed the effectiveness of NRT. Overall these results strongly suggest that ingredients used in the manufacture of traditional blended cigarettes do not increase the inherent addictiveness of cigarettes.
Inhal Toxicol. 2012 Mar;24(4):227-45.
