减少吸烟与尼古丁依赖性的变化
2011/06/17
摘要
前言：针对尼古丁依赖（ND）与吸烟行为和戒烟的关系已进行广泛研究，然而，对于减少吸烟（SR）与ND之间的关系知之甚少。
方法：采用改良的尼古丁依赖性Fagerström测试评分[FTND]评价ND。回顾性评价SR的发生率及程度，无每日吸烟(CPD) 和距吸第一支烟时间的ND是否随着CPD的下降而变化。作为尼古丁依赖性遗传学协作研究(COGEND)的一部分，对来自2个中西部大城市的47777名受试者进行基于社区的电话筛选，最后6955名当前每日吸烟者入选本研究，入选者年龄为25～44岁（欧美人n = 5,135；黑人n = 1,820）。对于当前每日CPD低于其主诉峰值的受试者，采用FTND检测当前ND和ND峰值。
结果：约44%(n = 3,077)的受试者主诉与其吸烟的峰值相比，吸烟量存在下降，平均CPD下降14.4(SD = 8.9)，或者说与吸烟峰值量相比，平均下降54%。对吸烟峰值量和吸烟年限进行控制后，排除CPD对ND的直接影响，SR的幅度与ND下降相关。
结论：自我主诉的SR与ND的下降相关。该下降对戒烟和健康风险的影响尚需进一步研究，特别是对当前数据进行回顾性研究。
（陈欣 审校）
Nicotine Tob Res. 2011 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print]
Cigarette Smoking Reduction and Changes in Nicotine Dependence.
Mooney ME, Johnson EO, Breslau N, Bierut LJ, Hatsukami DK.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, F-256/2B West, 2450 Riverside Ave., Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. moon0078@umn.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The relationship of nicotine dependence (ND) to smoking behavior and cessation has been well characterized. However, little is known about the association between smoking reduction (SR) and ND.
METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the lifetime prevalence and extent of SR and whether ND as assessed by a modified Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score without cigarettes per day (CPD) and time-to-first cigarette changed with reductions in CPD. As part of the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Nicotine Dependence (COGEND), 47,777 individuals from 2 mid-Western metropolitan areas were identified for a community-based telephone screening, yielding 6,955 current daily smokers ages 25-44 years (European-American, n = 5,135 and Black, n = 1,820). The FTND was administered to measure current ND and peak ND in respondents whose current daily CPD is lower than their reported lifetime peak.
RESULTS: About 44% (n = 3,077) of the sample reported reducing their smoking from their lifetime peak, with a mean reduction of 14.4 CPD (SD = 8.9) or a 54.0% reduction compared with peak smoking. Controlling for peak smoking and years smoked, the magnitude of SR was associated with declines in ND excluding the direct contribution of CPD.
CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported SR was associated with reduced levels of ND. The impact of this reduction on smoking cessation and health risks and smoking cessation requires further study, particularly given the retrospective nature of the present dataset.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2011 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print]
前言：针对尼古丁依赖（ND）与吸烟行为和戒烟的关系已进行广泛研究，然而，对于减少吸烟（SR）与ND之间的关系知之甚少。
方法：采用改良的尼古丁依赖性Fagerström测试评分[FTND]评价ND。回顾性评价SR的发生率及程度，无每日吸烟(CPD) 和距吸第一支烟时间的ND是否随着CPD的下降而变化。作为尼古丁依赖性遗传学协作研究(COGEND)的一部分，对来自2个中西部大城市的47777名受试者进行基于社区的电话筛选，最后6955名当前每日吸烟者入选本研究，入选者年龄为25～44岁（欧美人n = 5,135；黑人n = 1,820）。对于当前每日CPD低于其主诉峰值的受试者，采用FTND检测当前ND和ND峰值。
结果：约44%(n = 3,077)的受试者主诉与其吸烟的峰值相比，吸烟量存在下降，平均CPD下降14.4(SD = 8.9)，或者说与吸烟峰值量相比，平均下降54%。对吸烟峰值量和吸烟年限进行控制后，排除CPD对ND的直接影响，SR的幅度与ND下降相关。
结论：自我主诉的SR与ND的下降相关。该下降对戒烟和健康风险的影响尚需进一步研究，特别是对当前数据进行回顾性研究。
（陈欣 审校）
Nicotine Tob Res. 2011 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print]
Cigarette Smoking Reduction and Changes in Nicotine Dependence.
Mooney ME, Johnson EO, Breslau N, Bierut LJ, Hatsukami DK.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, F-256/2B West, 2450 Riverside Ave., Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. moon0078@umn.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The relationship of nicotine dependence (ND) to smoking behavior and cessation has been well characterized. However, little is known about the association between smoking reduction (SR) and ND.
METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the lifetime prevalence and extent of SR and whether ND as assessed by a modified Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score without cigarettes per day (CPD) and time-to-first cigarette changed with reductions in CPD. As part of the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Nicotine Dependence (COGEND), 47,777 individuals from 2 mid-Western metropolitan areas were identified for a community-based telephone screening, yielding 6,955 current daily smokers ages 25-44 years (European-American, n = 5,135 and Black, n = 1,820). The FTND was administered to measure current ND and peak ND in respondents whose current daily CPD is lower than their reported lifetime peak.
RESULTS: About 44% (n = 3,077) of the sample reported reducing their smoking from their lifetime peak, with a mean reduction of 14.4 CPD (SD = 8.9) or a 54.0% reduction compared with peak smoking. Controlling for peak smoking and years smoked, the magnitude of SR was associated with declines in ND excluding the direct contribution of CPD.
CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported SR was associated with reduced levels of ND. The impact of this reduction on smoking cessation and health risks and smoking cessation requires further study, particularly given the retrospective nature of the present dataset.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2011 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print]
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吸烟、戒烟和基因多态性对CYP1A2活性和诱导性的影响
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青少年和成人双胞胎的尼古丁戒断症状
