青少年和成人双胞胎的尼古丁戒断症状
2011/01/27
摘要
在成人和青少年男性和女性双胞胎吸烟者（一生吸烟不少于100支）中，研究DSM-IV 尼古丁戒断（NW）的变异和遗传性。3112名澳大利亚成人男性和女性吸烟者（53％的女性，年龄24～36岁）和702名密苏里青少年男性和女性吸烟者（59％女性，年龄15～21岁）完成电话诊断访谈。在满足NW标准的比例（44%）上，不存在性别和队列差异。隐类分析显示，NW症状能很好地构建严重程度序列（成人三个水平，青少年两个水平）。在所有组中，NW严重程度增加与戒烟困难、戒烟时出现障碍、重度吸烟、抑郁、焦虑、行为障碍及酒精使用等问题相关。此外，NW与成人寻求戒烟治疗和持续吸烟相关。 NW的隐类结构在成人和青年吸烟者中具有类似的遗传性，遗传的负面影响占49％的变异，其余51％的变异与环境因素影响相关。
总体来说，我们的结果显示，成人和青年吸烟者在NW的形式和遗传性上具有类似性，强调了NW在所有年龄层次患者精神共患病和戒烟过程中的重要性。
总体来说，我们的结果显示，成人和青年吸烟者在NW的形式和遗传性上具有类似性，强调了NW在所有年龄层次患者精神共患病和戒烟过程中的重要性。
（林江涛 审校）
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2010 Aug;13(4):359-369.
Nicotine withdrawal symptoms in adolescent and adult twins.
Pergadia ML, Agrawal A, Heath AC, Martin NG, Bucholz KK, Madden PA.
1 Washington University School of Medicine, United States of America.
Abstract
We examined the variation and heritability of DSM-IV nicotine withdrawal (NW) in adult and adolescent male and female twin cigarette smokers (who reported smoking 100 or more cigarettes lifetime). Telephone diagnostic interviews were completed with 3,112 Australian adult male and female smokers (53% women; age: 24-36) and 702 Missouri adolescent male and female smokers (59% girls; age: 15-21). No gender or cohort differences emerged in rates of meeting criteria for NW (44%). Latent class analyses found that NW symptoms were best conceptualized as a severity continuum (three levels in adults and two levels in adolescents). Across all groups, increasing NW severity was associated with difficulty quitting, impairment following cessation, heavy smoking, depression, anxiety, conduct disorder and problems with alcohol use. NW was also associated with seeking smoking cessation treatment and with smoking persistence in adults. The latent class structure of NW was equally heritable across adult and adolescent smokers with additive genetic influences accounting for 49% of the variance and the remaining 51% of variance accounted for by unique environmental influences. Overall, findings suggest remarkable similarity in the pattern and heritability of NW across adult and adolescent smokers, and highlight the important role of NW in psychiatric comorbidity and the process of smoking cessation across both age groups.
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减少吸烟与尼古丁依赖性的变化
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尼古丁依赖是信息构架对戒烟预后影响的调节因素
