经济刺激以促进戒烟
2012/07/05
摘要
目的：在美国和全球，吸烟是导致可预防性死亡的主要原因。尽管已经有诸多治疗措施针对戒烟，但仍然需要有效的干预措施。我们对已有的研究进行回顾分析，评价经济刺激在戒烟中的作用，并探讨确保经济刺激促进戒烟的相关因素。
方法：对已经发表的有关经济刺激在促进戒烟中作用的研究进行分析，这些研究包含有适当的对照或比较。
结果：对于整个吸烟者人群、药物滥用人群、青少年、肺部疾病患者、严重精神疾病患者和其他亚组人群来说，干预措施能有效促进戒烟。为开发和实施有效的经济刺激以促进戒烟，需特别关注生物化学方法证实吸烟状态、刺激的幅度和刺激给予的时间。
结论：诸多研究一致认为，刺激不仅能有效减少药物使用，而且能有效的减少吸烟。有必要在临床机构和人群中进一步开发和宣传以经济刺激为基础的戒烟措施。
目的：在美国和全球，吸烟是导致可预防性死亡的主要原因。尽管已经有诸多治疗措施针对戒烟，但仍然需要有效的干预措施。我们对已有的研究进行回顾分析，评价经济刺激在戒烟中的作用，并探讨确保经济刺激促进戒烟的相关因素。
方法：对已经发表的有关经济刺激在促进戒烟中作用的研究进行分析，这些研究包含有适当的对照或比较。
结果：对于整个吸烟者人群、药物滥用人群、青少年、肺部疾病患者、严重精神疾病患者和其他亚组人群来说，干预措施能有效促进戒烟。为开发和实施有效的经济刺激以促进戒烟，需特别关注生物化学方法证实吸烟状态、刺激的幅度和刺激给予的时间。
结论：诸多研究一致认为，刺激不仅能有效减少药物使用，而且能有效的减少吸烟。有必要在临床机构和人群中进一步开发和宣传以经济刺激为基础的戒烟措施。
（陈欣 审校）
Prev Med. 2012 Apr 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Prev Med. 2012 Apr 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Source
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and world. Despite the availability of numerous therapies for smoking cessation, additional efficacious interventions are greatly needed. We provide a narrative review of published studies evaluating financial incentives for smoking cessation and discuss the parameters important for ensuring the efficacy of incentive interventions for smoking cessation.
OBJECTIVE: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and world. Despite the availability of numerous therapies for smoking cessation, additional efficacious interventions are greatly needed. We provide a narrative review of published studies evaluating financial incentives for smoking cessation and discuss the parameters important for ensuring the efficacy of incentive interventions for smoking cessation.
METHODS: Published studies that evaluated the impact of incentives to promote smoking cessation and included an appropriate control or comparison condition were identified and reviewed.
RESULTS: Incentives are efficacious for promoting smoking abstinence across the general population of smokers as well as substance abusers, adolescents, patients with pulmonary disease, patients with serious mental illness and other challenging subgroups. To develop and implement an effective incentive treatment for smoking, special attention should be paid to biochemical verification of smoking status, incentive magnitude and the schedule of incentive delivery.
CONCLUSION: Consistent with the extensive literature showing that incentives are effective in reducing illicit drug use, a large body of evidence supports their effectiveness in reducing smoking. Continued efforts are warranted to further develop and disseminate incentive-based treatments for smoking cessation across clinical settings and populations.
Prev Med. 2012 Apr 16. [Epub ahead of print]
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