妊娠前、中和后的吸烟行为：母乳喂养的影响
2012/07/05
摘要
本研究数据来自于25个意大利当地卫生机构（LHU）的以人群为基础的随访研究。该研究旨在评价意大利女性妊娠、分娩和产后的护理。共计3534名女性入选，并在其分娩后数天内、3、6和12个月后接受受训人员的问卷调查。本研究旨在评价两次问卷调查之间吸烟行为的变化。2546名女性完成随访，妊娠前和妊娠时吸烟的发生率分别为21.6%和6.7%；分娩后3、6和12个月吸烟的发生率和复吸率分别为：8.1%和18.5%、10.3%和30.3%、10.9%和32.3%。受教育程度较低、单身、未参与产前培训、受雇和非母乳喂养的女性，在妊娠期间和妊娠后更有可能吸烟。结果还显示，母乳喂养的女性，即使吸烟，吸烟量也较非母乳喂养者少，在对其他预测因子控制后并未改变上述结论（12个月时复吸：OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.94）。母亲情绪较低能使产后6个月复吸的风险增加73%。本研究同时显示，延长母乳喂养能降低复吸的风险，该风险的下降随时间持续。促进母乳喂养的干预措施可能间接支持戒烟，尽管没有其他特殊的干预措施，该措施也可能有效。
本研究数据来自于25个意大利当地卫生机构（LHU）的以人群为基础的随访研究。该研究旨在评价意大利女性妊娠、分娩和产后的护理。共计3534名女性入选，并在其分娩后数天内、3、6和12个月后接受受训人员的问卷调查。本研究旨在评价两次问卷调查之间吸烟行为的变化。2546名女性完成随访，妊娠前和妊娠时吸烟的发生率分别为21.6%和6.7%；分娩后3、6和12个月吸烟的发生率和复吸率分别为：8.1%和18.5%、10.3%和30.3%、10.9%和32.3%。受教育程度较低、单身、未参与产前培训、受雇和非母乳喂养的女性，在妊娠期间和妊娠后更有可能吸烟。结果还显示，母乳喂养的女性，即使吸烟，吸烟量也较非母乳喂养者少，在对其他预测因子控制后并未改变上述结论（12个月时复吸：OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.94）。母亲情绪较低能使产后6个月复吸的风险增加73%。本研究同时显示，延长母乳喂养能降低复吸的风险，该风险的下降随时间持续。促进母乳喂养的干预措施可能间接支持戒烟，尽管没有其他特殊的干预措施，该措施也可能有效。
（刘国梁 审校）
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:154910. Epub 2012 Mar 12.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:154910. Epub 2012 Mar 12.
Source
National Center of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Abstract
Data for this study were obtained from a population-based follow-up study in 25 Italian Local Health Units (LHUs) to evaluate pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum care in Italy. A sample of 3534 women was recruited and interviewed within a few days of their giving birth and at 3, 6, and 12 months after delivery, by trained interviewers using questionnaires. The objective of the study was to evaluate changes in smoking behaviour from one interview to the next. Of 2546 women who completed the follow-up, smoking prevalences before and during pregnancy were 21.6% and 6.7%; smoking prevalences and smoking relapse at 3, 6, and 12 months were 8.1% and 18.5%, 10.3% and 30.3%, and 10.9% and 32.3%, respectively. Smoking during and after pregnancy was more likely among women who were less educated, single, not attending antenatal classes, employed, and not breastfeeding. The results show that women who are breastfeeding smoke less than not breastfeeding women, even after controlling for other predictors (i.e., smoking relapse at 12 months: OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.94). A low maternal mood increases the risk of smoking relapse within 6 months of about 73%. This study also suggests that prolonged breastfeeding reduces the risk of smoking relapse and that this reduction may be persistent in time. Interventions targeting breastfeeding promotion may also indirectly support smoking cessation, even in absence of specific interventions.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:154910. Epub 2012 Mar 12.
上一篇：
经济刺激以促进戒烟
下一篇：
当前没有戒烟兴趣的吸烟者戒烟意愿和戒断的预测因子
