哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：本项研究目的是了解中国上海市普陀区支气管哮喘的流行情况。
   方法：本研究是基于社区的横断面研究，在人口为100万的区域内随机收集样本。研究人群是在本地居住6年和6年以上的人群。所有观察者进行调查问卷及肺功能检查。哮喘由内科医生进行诊断。研究结果与1997年上海市浦东区同一队列的调查结果进行比较。
   结果：我们共纳入了27042例参与者。哮喘的患病率为1.8%（488/27042），显著高于1997年上海浦东区调查结果（0.41%，163/40000）。两项研究中哮喘患者在吸烟状况、肥胖、性别及合并过敏性疾病方面无差异。最常见的哮喘急性发作的原因为冷空气、呼吸道感染和吸入灰尘。分析了普陀区研究中428例哮喘患者的肺功能情况：228（53.3%）的患者FEV1小于预计值的80%。与其他年龄组相比，65岁以上年龄组的哮喘患者FEV1占预计值的百分比更低(P<0.01)。
   结论：上海城市人群中医生诊断为哮喘的患病率逐年上升。哮喘急性发作的最重要原因为冷空气、呼吸道感染和吸入灰尘。FEV1占预计值的百分比降低的患者病例与年龄呈正相关。加强哮喘的预防及治疗，特别是针对儿童哮喘患者，可降低中国城市人口的哮喘带来的健康负担。
 

（苏欣 审校）
J Asthma. 2014 Nov 11:1-17. [Epub ahead of print]


 

The Changing Epidemiology of Asthma in Shanghai, China.
 

Zhang F1, Hang J, Zheng B, Su L, Christiani DC.
 

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To investigate the prevalence of bronchial asthma in Putuo district in Shanghai, China.
METHODS：Cross-sectional, community-based study was performed with random sampling of a district with a population of one million. The subjects were residents of the district and 6 or more years of age. Questionnaire and spirometry were completed in all subjects. Asthma was defined as physician-diagnosed asthma. The results were compared with the asthma study of 40000 population completed by the same team in Pudong area of Shanghai in 1997.
RESULTS：We surveyed 27,042 participants. The prevalence of asthma was 1.8% (488/27042), much higher than the 0.41% (163/40000) found in the 1997 survey in Pudong area of Shanghai. In subjects with asthma, current smoking, obesity, gender distribution and the combination of allergic diseases between the two studies had no differences. The most prominent causes of asthma exacerbation were cold air, respiratory infection and dust inhalation. Pulmonary function for 428 asthma patients in Putuo survey was analyzed: 228 (53.3%) patients had FEV1%pred lower than 80%. Asthmatics older than 65 year had lower FEV1%pred than other age groups (P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS：The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma in urban of Shanghai has increased in recent years. The most important causes of asthma exacerbations were cold air, respiratory infection, and dust exposure. The proportion of individuals with decreased percent predicted FEV1 increased with age. Strengthening the prevention and treatment of asthma, especially in children with asthma, may decrease the health burden of asthma in the urban Chinese population.
 

J Asthma. 2014 Nov 11:1-17. [Epub ahead of print]