哮喘联盟

   摘要
   提高学龄儿童药物治疗依从性可显著改善患者的生活质量、降低发病率，此外，还能潜在地降低患者学习、社交及情感发展受限的风险。本研究旨在回顾总结影响哮喘患者药物依从性的相关因素，并且寻找可以改善5～12岁哮喘儿童用药情况的循证医学方法。我们搜索了Medine，CINAHL(护理与联合卫生文献累积索引)及PubMed等数据库，并对相关文献进行了回顾分析。分析结果表明，影响哮喘儿童药物依从性的相关因素包括对药物治疗欠缺足够的理解、 对哮喘症状的认识及其环境触发因素的认识不够、对哮喘诊断的拒绝心理以及缺乏社区的支持和理解。被研究过的可以改善5～12岁哮喘儿童用药情况的措施包括：计算机化哮喘教育；开展家长、教师及哮喘儿童的讲习班；将哮喘教育融入到日常课程中去；设置哮喘病例管理人员；在学校引进护理人员以便对哮喘儿童提供相应的护理，包括对哮喘儿童开具处方药；评估家中以及学校里的环境和情感性哮喘触发因素。总结目前的研究数据可能有助于建立能够改善5～12岁哮喘儿童管理的干预模式。
 

（杨冬 审校）
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2014 Oct 15. pii: 0009922814554500. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Interventions to Improve Asthma Management of the School-Age Child.
 

Friend M1, Morrison A2.
 

ABSTRACT
Improvement of medication adherence in the school-age child can lead to improvement in quality of life, decreased morbidity, and a potential decreased risk of deferred academic, social, and emotional development. The objective of this article is to review barriers to asthma medication adherence and identify evidence-based techniques that improve medication management of the asthmatic child 5 to 12 years of age. A literature review was performed and articles were obtained through database searches within Medline, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and PubMed. Research indicates that barriers to the adherence of medication regimens required for asthmatic children include poor understanding of the medication regimen, substandard education on symptom recognition and environmental triggers, rejection of the diagnosis, and a lack of support or understanding within the community. Researched techniques aimed to improve medication management in 5- to 12-year-olds include: computer-based education; workshops for parents, teachers, and children; incorporation of asthma education into classroom lessons; use of case managers; the introduction of a nurse practitioner in the school to provide care, including medication prescriptions for the asthmatic child; and assessment and evaluation of environmental and emotional triggers in the home and school. Collaboration of current data may help lead to a successful interventional model that can improve asthma management in this population.
 

Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2014 Oct 15. pii: 0009922814554500. [Epub ahead of print]