哮喘联盟

   摘要
   本研究的目的旨在确定六个交通相关的空气污染指标（二氧化氮，氮氧化物，空气动力学直径<10微米（PM10）的颗粒物，PM2.5，粗大颗粒物质和PM2.5吸光度）对五个欧洲出生队列研究中[MAAS（英国，英国），巴姆斯（瑞典），PIAMA（荷兰），GINI和LISA（包括德国，分为北部和南部地区）]儿童哮喘和喘息患病率的影响。土地利用回归模型被用于每个研究区域和评估每个儿童住址的室外空气污染的暴露。通过使用有效问卷对4～5和8～10岁的儿童哮喘和喘息发病率进行信息采集。采用多因素logistic回归模型来分析每个队列中污染物暴露与哮喘的关系。采用随机效应模型的Meta分析来合并单个队列研究的效果评估。该Meta分析显示，哮喘患病率与空气污染暴露无显著关联性(如，8～10岁哮喘儿童和出生地暴露的校正OR(95%CI)为：1.10（0.81-1.49）每10微克•M-3二氧化氮;0.88（0.63-1.24），每10微克•M-3可吸入颗粒物;1.23（0.78-1.95），每5微克•M-3 PM2.5)。该结果与最初的粗模型，校正模型以及进一步敏感性分析是一致的。这项研究发现空气污染暴露与五个欧洲出生队列研究的儿童哮喘患病率之间没有显著的关联性。
 

（林江涛 审校）
Eur Respir J. 2014 Oct 16. pii: erj00836-2014. [Epub ahead of print]

 

A multicentre study of air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence: the ESCAPE project.
 

Mölter A1, Simpson A2, Berdel D2, Brunekreef B2, Custovic A2, Cyrys J2, de Jongste J2, de Vocht F2, Fuertes E2, Gehring U2, Gruzieva O2, Heinrich J2, Hoek G2, Hoffmann B2, Klümper C2, Korek M2, Kuhlbusch TA2, Lindley S2, Postma D2, Tischer C2, Wijga A2, Pershagen G2, Agius R2.
 

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of six traffic-related air pollution metrics (nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), PM2.5, coarse particulate matter and PM2.5 absorbance) on childhood asthma and wheeze prevalence in five European birth cohorts: MAAS (England, UK), BAMSE (Sweden), PIAMA (the Netherlands), GINI and LISA (both Germany, divided into north and south areas). Land-use regression models were developed for each study area and used to estimate outdoor air pollution exposure at the home address of each child. Information on asthma and current wheeze prevalence at the ages of 4-5 and 8-10 years was collected using validated questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the association between pollutant exposure and asthma within each cohort. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to combine effect estimates from individual cohorts. The meta-analyses showed no significant association between asthma prevalence and air pollution exposure (e.g. adjusted OR (95%CI) for asthma at age 8-10 years and exposure at the birth address (n = 10377): 1.10 (0.81-1.49) per 10 μg•m-3 nitrogen dioxide; 0.88 (0.63-1.24) per 10 μg•m-3 PM10; 1.23 (0.78-1.95) per 5 μg•m-3 PM2.5). This result was consistently found in initial crude models, adjusted models and further sensitivity analyses. This study found no significant association between air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence in five European birth cohorts.
 

Eur Respir J. 2014 Oct 16. pii: erj00836-2014. [Epub ahead of print]