哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：本研究旨在描述芝加哥公立学校对哮喘及食物过敏的报道及管理情况。
   方法：我们从芝加哥公立学校数据库中提取患有哮喘或食物过敏儿童的人口及健康相关数据，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析人口统计学、地理差异以及学校的健康管理体系。利用学生的家庭地址来统计每个社区范围内的病例数及分布。
   结果：我们总共找到了约18000例哮喘儿童及4000例食物过敏的儿童。在哮喘儿童中，有9.3%有食物过敏史。在食物过敏的儿童中，有40.1%的人同时患有哮喘。黑人及西班牙学生哮喘发生的机率远高于其它群体（优势比[OR]分别为2.3和1.3），而食物过敏发生的机率在黑人学生中明显增加（OR = 1.1，95%可信区间[CI]为1.0－1.3），在西班牙学生中却明显下降（OR = 0.8; 95% CI, 0.7-0.9）。只有24.3%的哮喘儿童和50.9%的食物过敏儿童在学校里记录有健康管理计划。同时患者有哮喘和食物过敏的儿童，其在学校有健康管理计划的可能性明显增大，但是对于少数民族儿童及来自低收入家庭的儿童，不论医疗状况如何，其在学校有健康管理计划的可能性明显降低
   结论：只有四分之一的哮喘儿童和一半的食物过敏儿童在学校里记录有健康管理计划，该比例在少数民族群体及来自低收入家庭的儿童群体中则更低。增加对慢性疾病的报道以及改善学校健康管理计划是非常重要的。
 

（苏楠 审校）
Pediatrics. 2014 Sep 8. pii: peds.2014-0402. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Asthma and Food Allergy Management in Chicago Public Schools.
 

Gupta RS1, Rivkina V2, DeSantiago-Cardenas L3, Smith B4, Harvey-Gintoft B3, Whyte SA3.
 

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize asthma and food allergy reporting and management in Chicago Public Schools.
METHODS: Demographic and health data for students who have asthma and food allergy were extracted from the Chicago Public Schools database. Demographic and geographic variability and the existence of school health management plans were analyzed, and multiple logistic regression models were computed. Home addresses were geocoded to create maps of case counts per community area.
RESULTS: Approximately 18 000 asthmatic and 4000 food allergic students were identified. Of asthmatic students, 9.3% had a food allergy; of food allergic students, 40.1% had asthma. Asthma odds were significantly higher among black and Hispanic students (odds ratio [OR] = 2.3 and 1.3, respectively), whereas food allergy odds were significantly higher among black students (OR = 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-1.3) and significantly lower among Hispanic students (OR = 0.8; 95% CI, 0.7-0.9). Only 24.3% of students who had asthma and 50.9% of students who had food allergy had a school health management plan on file. Odds of having a school health management plan were significantly higher among students with both conditions, but the likelihood of having a plan on file was significantly lower among racial/ethnic minority and low-income students, regardless of medical condition.
CONCLUSIONS: Only 1 in 4 students who have asthma and half of food allergic students have health management plans in schools, with lower numbers among minority and low-income students. Improving chronic disease reporting and access to school health management plans is critical.

Pediatrics. 2014 Sep 8. pii: peds.2014-0402. [Epub ahead of print]