哮喘联盟

   摘要
   几十年来全球儿童哮喘的患病率呈显著增加。已有各种各样的理论来解释这个令人担忧的趋势。本病存在一个广谱的潜在决定因素，其范围可从遗传学到生活方式和环境因素。流行病学已证明一些重要的生活方式和环境因素包括肥胖、都市生活、膳食模式(如低抗氧化性食物和快餐、非母乳)、肠道菌群失调、吸烟、空气污染以及病毒感染均与儿童哮喘急性发作相关。然而，只有环境性吸烟与哮喘的发展相关。尽管流行病学研究表明许多其他因素可能与哮喘的发展相关，但该关联性由于证据不充分以及最近研究结果的不一致性不被考虑为因果关系。这强调了充分的数据和确切的因果关系机制仍然需要进一步的研究。
 

（林江涛 审校）
PaediatrRespirRev.2014Aug1.pii:S1526-0542(14)00082-7.doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2014.07.004. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Risk and Protective Factors for the Development of Childhood Asthma.
 

Ding G1, Ji R2, Bao Y3.
 

Abstract
Childhood asthma prevalence worldwide has been increasing markedly over several decades. Various theories have been proposed to account for this alarming trend. The disease has a broad spectrum of potential determinants ranging from genetics to lifestyle and environmental factors. Epidemiological observations have demonstrated that several important lifestyle and environmental factors including obesity, urban living, dietary patterns such as food low in antioxidants and fast food, non-breastfeeding, gut flora imbalance, cigarette smoking, air pollution, and viral infection are associated with asthma exacerbations in children. However, only environmental tobacco smoke has been associated with the development of asthma. Despite epidemiological studies indicating that many other factors are probably associated with the development of asthma, the relationships are not considered causal due to the inadequate evidence and inconsistent results from recent studies. This may highlight that sufficient data and exact mechanisms of causality are still in need of further study.
 

PaediatrRespirRev.2014Aug1.pii:S1526-0542(14)00082-7.doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2014.07.004. [Epub ahead of print]