哮喘联盟

   摘要
   研究目的：虽然老年人吸烟率低于青年人，但是戒烟却很困难，特别是在吸烟多年后更是如此。本文评估了新诊断的慢性疾病、社会孤立和抑郁对作为美国医疗保险受益者代表的大多数老年吸烟者戒烟的影响。
   试验设计和方法：我们采用了2011年（T1）-2012年（T2）美国国家健康和老龄化趋势研究的采访数据。多元回归模型检测T1吸烟状态（从不吸烟者、之前吸烟者和现在吸烟者；n=6680）的相关因素和T1吸烟者中T2吸烟状态（戒烟 vs. 继续吸烟；n=412）的预测因素。
   结果：T1时，样本中现在、既往和从不吸烟者分别占8.8%、 44.7%和46.5%。与从不吸烟者相比，现在吸烟者的社会经济地位较低，更易被社会孤立，且有更高的抑郁症状。T2时，88.9%的T1吸烟者会继续吸烟，11.1%不再吸烟。T1时新诊断为慢性疾病可增加自T1开始戒烟可能性，而T1时吸烟量增加可导致戒烟可能性下降。T1时社会孤立增加了戒烟可能性，但T1时的抑郁症状不是显著的预测因素。
   结论：吸烟过多的老年人可能需要进一步药物治疗和咨询服务。由于新诊断的健康问题可成为戒烟动机，卫生保健提供者可将激励和帮助老年人戒烟（或减少吸烟）作为其工作的一部分。

 

（刘国梁 审校）
Gerontologist. 2014 Jun 5. pii: gnu049. [Epub ahead of print]
 

Role of New Diagnosis, Social Isolation, and Depression in Older Adults' Smoking Cessation.
 

Choi NG1, DiNitto DM2.
 

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Though older adults smoke at a lower rate than younger adults, cessation can be difficult, especially after years of smoking. This paper examined the influence of a diagnosis of chronic illness, social isolation, and depression on smoking cessation among the most recent cohort of older smokers who were representative of U.S. Medicare beneficiaries.
DESIGN AND METHODS: We used data from the 2011 (T1) and 2012 (T2) interview waves of the U.S. National Health and Aging Trends Study. Multivariate regression models examined correlates of T1 smoking status (never smoker, former smoker, and current smoker; n = 6,680) and predictors of T2 smoking status among T1 smokers (quit smoking vs. continued smoking; n = 412).
RESULTS: At T1, 8.8%, 44.7%, and 46.5% of the sample, respectively, were current, former, and never smokers. Current smokers had lower socioeconomic status, were more socially isolated, and had higher depressive symptoms than never smokers. At T2, 88.9% of T1 smokers continued smoking and 11.1% no longer smoked. The odds of smoking cessation increased with a new diagnosis of chronic illness since T1 and decreased with a higher number of cigarettes smoked at T1. Social isolation at T1 increased the odds of smoking cessation, but depressive symptoms at T1 were not a significant factor.
IMPLICATIONS: Heavy-smoking older adults may require extended pharmachotherapy and counseling. As newly diagnosed health problems can be a trigger for smoking cessation, health care providers can motivate and help older adults quit (or reduce) smoking as an integral part of their practices.
 

Gerontologist. 2014 Jun 5. pii: gnu049. [Epub ahead of print]