哮喘联盟

   摘要
   人鼻病毒（HRV）与日常生活中儿童哮喘进展和反复急性哮喘发作有关，造成严重的医疗和经济负担。然而，HRV感染诱导急性发作的作用、过敏状态与HRV反应性的关系尚未清晰。同时，人气道细胞受体的监测和大多数HRV A组和B组的利用（除C组被清除外）以及模式识别受体（PRRs）如何监测细胞质中HRV复制物仍然是一个谜。本文将探索自体吞噬作用（即细胞的自我平衡过程，这一过程允许细胞封装自身胶质，作为控制这一过程的重要机制，并调节气道上皮细胞先天免疫对病毒的应答）的价值。简要描述部分最新的关于对HRV气道免疫应答的观点，强调嗜中性粒细胞炎症可能是对病毒感染急性应答的多余反应，以及IL-1 和 Pellinos在调节HRV应答中的作用。
 

（刘国梁 审校）
Clin Exp Allergy. 2014 Jan;44(1):20-8. doi: 10.1111/cea.12182.

 

Rhinoviral infection and asthma: the detection and management of rhinoviruses by airway epithelial cells.
 

Parker LC, Stokes CA, Sabroe I.
 

Abstract
Human rhinoviruses (HRV) have been linked to the development of childhood asthma and recurrent acute asthma exacerbations throughout life, and contribute considerably to the healthcare and economic burden of this disease. However, the ability of HRV infections to trigger exacerbations, and the link between allergic status and HRV responsiveness, remains incompletely understood. Whilst the receptors on human airway cells that detect and are utilized by most HRV group A and B, but not C serotypes are known, how endosomal pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect HRV replication products that are generated within the cytoplasm remains somewhat of an enigma. In this article, we explore a role for autophagy, a cellular homeostatic process that allows the cell to encapsulate its own cytosolic constituents, as the crucial mechanism controlling this process and regulating the innate immune response of airway epithelial cells to viral infection. We will also briefly describe some of the recent insights into the immune responses of the airway to HRV, focusing on neutrophilic inflammation that is a potentially unwanted feature of the acute response to viral infection, and the roles of IL-1 and Pellinos in the regulation of responses to HRV.
 

Clin Exp Allergy. 2014 Jan;44(1):20-8. doi: 10.1111/cea.12182.