小额经济奖励可增加无家可归者戒烟率：一个初步研究
2014/01/27
摘要
尽管70%多无家可归者吸烟，很少研究调查了戒烟干预对这部分弱势人群的疗效。本初步研究旨在比较基于避难所的戒烟临床常规护理(UC)与提供UC和小额戒烟经济奖励的附属应急管理(CM)的疗效区别。来自德克萨斯州.达拉斯的68个无家可归者（2012年入组）被分配到UC组(n=58)或UC加小额戒烟经济奖励组（CM; n=10），连续随访5周（戒烟前1周，戒烟后4周）。采用一个广义线性混合模型回归比较两组经生化检查证实的戒烟率。另一个模型调查了时间和治疗组的相互作用。参与者大多为男性（61.8%）和非裔美国人(58.8%)，平均年龄为49岁。治疗对总体戒烟有明显影响，并因时间而异。随访回归分析显示在戒烟日和戒烟后，CM参与者比UC参与者，更可能保持不吸烟（戒烟日：50% vs. 19%不吸烟；戒烟日：30% vs. 1.7%不吸烟）。对于无家可归者，给予小额戒烟经济奖励可能是促进戒烟的一个有效方法。
（刘国梁 审校）
AddictBehav.2013Nov27.pii:S0306-4603(13)00409-7.doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.11.017. [Epub ahead of print]
Small financial incentives increase smoking cessation in homeless smokers: A pilot study.
Businelle MS, Kendzor DE, Kesh A, Cuate EL, Poonawalla IB, Reitzel LR, Okuyemi KS, Wetter DW.
ABSTRACT
Although over 70% of homeless individuals smoke, few studies have examined the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions in this vulnerable population. The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the effectiveness of shelter-based smoking cessation clinic usual care (UC) to an adjunctive contingency management (CM) treatment that offered UC plus small financial incentives for smoking abstinence. Sixty-eight homeless individuals in Dallas, Texas (recruited in 2012) were assigned to UC (n=58) or UC plus financial incentives (CM; n=10) groups and were followed for 5 consecutive weeks (1week pre-quit through 4weeks post-quit). A generalized linear mixed model regression analysis was conducted to compare biochemically-verified abstinence rates between groups. An additional model examined the interaction between time and treatment group. The participants were primarily male (61.8%) and African American (58.8%), and were 49years of age on average. There was a significant effect of treatment group on abstinence overall, and effects varied over time. Follow-up logistic regression analyses indicated that CM participants were significantly more likely than UC participants to be abstinent on the quit date (50% vs. 19% abstinent) and at 4weeks post-quit (30% vs. 1.7% abstinent). Offering small financial incentives for smoking abstinence may be an effective way to facilitate smoking cessation in homeless individuals.
AddictBehav.2013Nov27.pii:S0306-4603(13)00409-7.doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.11.017. [Epub ahead of print]
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家庭医学中的戒烟建议：改变患者认知
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理解戒烟疲劳在戒烟过程的作用
