哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：对哮喘发作的准确感知能增加其被有效处理的可能性。本研究旨在研究一个信号检测任务中的反馈对持续性哮喘儿童感知呼吸道阻力增加的影响。
   方法：我们对155个8～15岁的持续性哮喘儿童评估反馈训练对感知阻力负荷的影响。每个儿童都参加了四次实验性课程，大约每2周1次，首次课程后为三次训练课程。在首次试验中，检测每个儿童的呼吸阻力阈值。在信号检测范式中设置两种阻力负荷训练条件，随后，每个儿童随机分配到两组中的任意一组：伴有即刻性能反馈的训练或无性能反馈的训练。
   结果：首次课程结果显示，两组呼吸阻力阈值相当。反馈组儿童能更准确地区别呼吸阻力增加是否存在(正确反应次数为206 [48]和180 [39], p < .001)，而且由于训练的原因，两组间的差异随着时间稳步增加（正确反映次数分别为165 [40] 和145 [32] , p < .001）。两组反应时间和自信程度相当，两种条件下的呼吸模式也无差别。
   结论：反馈训练可增加哮喘儿童对呼吸感官的认知，对哮喘自我管理策略有启示意义。

 

（苏楠 审校）
Psychosom Med. 2013 Sep 27. [Epub ahead of print]


 

Effects of Feedback on the Perception of Inspiratory Resistance in Children With Persistent Asthma: A Signal Detection Approach.
 

Harver A, Kotses H, Ersek J, Humphries CT, Ashe WS Jr, Black HR 2nd.
 

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：Accurate perception of asthma episodes increases the likelihood that they will be managed effectively. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of feedback in a signal detection task on perception of increased airflow obstruction in children with persistent asthma.
METHODSTHE：effect of feedback training on the perception of resistive loads was evaluated in 155 children with persistent asthma between 8 and 15 years of age. Each child participated in four experimental sessions that occurred approximately once every 2 weeks, an initial session followed by three training sessions. During the initial session, the threshold resistance to breathing was determined for each child. Subsequently, each child was randomly assigned to one of two resistive load training conditions in a signal detection paradigm: training with immediate performance feedback or training with no performance feedback.
RESULTSTHE：threshold resistance to breathing, determined in the initial session, was equivalent between groups. Children in the feedback condition discriminated more accurately between both the presence and the absence of increases in the resistance to breathing (206 [48] versus 180 [39] correct responses, p < .001), and differences over time between groups increased reliably as a function of training (165 [40] versus 145 [32] correct responses, p < .001). Response times and confidence ratings were equivalent between groups, and no differences in breathing patterns were observed between conditions.
CONCLUSIONS:Feedback training results in improved perception of respiratory sensations in children with asthma, a finding with implications for strategies of asthma self-management.
 

Psychosom Med. 2013 Sep 27. [Epub ahead of print]