哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：本文是关于清洁工作和哮喘、鼻炎风险流行病学研究的一项系统性回顾。
   方法：检索来自于1976-2012.6.30的pubmed数据库发表的报道。共筛选出24篇文章纳入本综述。使用观察性流行病学研究报告规范（STROBE）列表中的针对交叉-横断面、队列和病例对照研究的22项条款，评估研究质量。
   结果：79%纳入的流行病学研究显示哮喘或鼻炎风险增加。4项研究中，清洁工作者哮喘风险增加得到客观试验确认，如支气管高反应性和气道阻塞。清洁产品、清洁喷雾剂、漂白剂、铵、混合物暴露水平及特定工作任务已经确定为哮喘和鼻炎的特定诱因。
   结论：可能的预防措施包括替换清洁喷雾、漂白剂和铵，避免混合物，使用呼吸道保护装置，工作者教育和医疗监督。
 

（苏楠 审校）
J Asthma. 2013 Aug 9. [Epub ahead of print]
 

Asthma and rhinitis in cleaning workers: a systematic review of epidemiological studies.
 

Folletti I, Zock JP, Moscato G, Siracusa A.
 

Abstract
OBJECTIVE：his paper presents a systematic review of epidemiological studies linking cleaning work and risk of asthma and rhinitis.
METHODS：Published reports were identified from PubMed covering the years from 1976 through June 30, 2012. In total we identified 24 papers for inclusion in the review. The quality of studies was evaluated using the Strengthening of the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement checklist of 22 items for cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies.
RESULTS：ncreased risk of asthma or rhinitis has been shown in 79% of included epidemiological studies. In 4 studies the increased risk of asthma in cleaning workers was confirmed by objective tests, such as bronchial hyperreactivity or airflow obstruction. Level of exposure to cleaning products, cleaning sprays, bleach, ammonia, mixing products and specific job tasks has been identified as specific causes of asthma and rhinitis.
CONCLUSIONS：ossible preventive measures encompass the substitution of cleaning sprays, bleach and ammonia, avoidance of mixing products, the use of respiratory protective devices, worker education and medical surveillance.
 

J Asthma. 2013 Aug 9. [Epub ahead of print]