γδT细胞抑制鼻病毒诱导的气道炎症和哮喘急性加重
2013/06/28
摘要
大部分的哮喘急性发作是由病毒感染诱发，其中，主要的病毒是人类鼻病毒。既往已在小鼠模型中证实了γδT细胞可影响过敏原诱导的气道高反应且具有抗病毒活性，提示在哮喘急性加重病理过程中起着重要作用。为证实这一点，我们用鼻病毒诱发的哮喘急性加重的人及小鼠模型，研究γδT细胞对感染的反应以及它们在免疫反应及相关气道疾病中的作用。在人的病毒感染实验中，气道γδT细胞数量哮喘组高于对照组，气道与血液中的γδT细胞数量与气道的阻塞程度和气道高反应有关。在人鼻病毒感染期，气道γδT细胞的数量也与支气管肺泡灌洗液中的病毒载量及嗜酸粒细胞数量、淋巴细胞数量正相关。与我们在人中鼻病毒诱导哮喘急性加重的实验结果相一致，过敏性气道炎症小鼠感染病毒后肺内γδT细胞数量增多、活性增强。用抗γδT细胞的抗体（抗γδT细胞受体）抑制哮喘急性加重小鼠模型γδT细胞的反应，可增加气道高反应与Th2细胞的聚集及嗜酸性粒细胞的数量，提示γδT细胞对鼻病毒诱发的气道炎症和哮喘急性加重具有负性调节作用。
（黄艳媚 摘译 邱晨 审校）
MucosalImmunology,2013.
γδcells suppress inflammation and disease during rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations.
N Glanville, SD Message, RP Walton, et al.
ABSTRACT：
Most asthma exacerbations are triggered by virus infections, the majority being caused by human rhinoviruses (RV). In mouse models, γδT cells have been previously demonstrated to influence allergen-driven airways hyper-reactivity(AHR) and can have antiviral activity, implicating them as prime candidates in the pathogenesis of asthma exacerbations. To explore this, we have used human and mouse models of experimental RV-induced asthma exacerbations to examine γδT-cell responses and determine their role in the immune response and associated airways disease. In humans, airway γδT-cell numbers were increased in asthmatic vs. healthy control subjects during experimental infection. Airway and blood γδT-cell numbers were associated with increased airways obstruction and AHR. Airway γδT-cell number was also positively correlated with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) virus load and BAL eosinophils and lymphocytes during RV infection. Consistent with our observations of RV-induced asthma exacerbations in humans, infection of mice with allergic airways inflammation increased lung γδT-cell number and activation. Inhibiting γδT -cell responses using anti-γδTCR (anti-γδT-cell receptor) antibody treatment in the mouse asthma exacerbation model increased AHR and airway T helper type 2 cell recruitment and eosinophilia, providing evidence that γδT cells are negative regulators of airways inflammation and disease in RV-induced asthma exacerbations.
文献来源：Availablewithhttp://www.nature.com/mi/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/mi20133a.html
(附：影响因子 6.963)
