哮喘联盟

   摘要
   约19%的美国成人吸烟。在美国，吸烟是首位可避免的死亡原因。若无干预措施，仅有5%尝试戒烟的吸烟者可获得长期戒断，但循证戒烟干预措施能够将该数字增加至10%至30%。戒烟包括多个阶段，这种阶段分布有助于指导开发戒烟措施及其评价方法。本综述在无戒烟意愿（动机期）、有戒烟意愿（戒烟期）、近期戒断（维持期）和近期复吸（复吸恢复期）的吸烟者中评价戒烟干预措施的有效性。针对某些阶段（除复吸恢复期外）已开发出多种有效的干预措施。长期治疗吸烟需要对每个阶段都进行有效干预，特别是在某一阶段或不同阶段内可发挥互补效应、能应用于不同阶段且符合成本-效益原则的干预措施。预计最终在线出版日期为2013年3月26日出版的《临床心理学年鉴》第9卷。详细请参考http://www.annualreviews.org/catalog/pubdates.aspx。
 

（林江涛 审校）
Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2013 Jan 3. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Interventions for Tobacco Smoking.
 
Schlam TR, Baker TB.

Source
Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53711; email: trschlam@ctri.wisc.edu.

Abstract 
Around 19% of US adults smoke cigarettes, and smoking remains the leading avoidable cause of death in this country. Without treatment only ∼5% of smokers who try to quit achieve long-term abstinence, but evidence-based cessation treatment increases this figure to 10% to 30%. The process of smoking cessation comprises different pragmatically defined phases, and these can help guide smoking treatment development and evaluation. This review evaluates the effectiveness of smoking interventions for smokers who are unwilling to make a quit attempt (motivation phase), who are willing to make a quit attempt (cessation phase), who have recently quit (maintenance phase), and who have recently relapsed (relapse recovery phase). Multiple effective treatments exist for some phases (cessation), but not others (relapse recovery). A chronic care approach to treating smoking requires effective interventions for every phase, especially interventions that exert complementary effects both within and across phases and that can be disseminated broadly and cost-effectively. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Clinical Psychology Volume 9 is March 26, 2013. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/catalog/pubdates.aspx for revised estimates.

Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2013 Jan 3. [Epub ahead of print]