触发戒烟意向的社会人口统计学差异:来自于全国性调查研究的结果
2009/04/21
目的:戒烟的原因和最终促成戒烟的触发因素并不相同。基于年龄、性别和社会经济地位,我们对报道的触发戒烟意向的因素进行了评价。
方法:在英格兰进行横断面家庭调查。共有2441名年龄大于等于16岁的吸烟和戒烟患者入选,这些患者在过去的12个月内至少有过1次较强的戒烟意向。主要调查内容为调查对象对“最近有什么因素最终触发你较强的戒烟意向?”的回答。答案从选项表或未列入表格的具体触发因素中选取。
结果:在调查中,受试者回答的意向与先前报道的“原因”类似。最普遍的触发因素为“关注未来的健康”(28.5%),“目前的健康问题”(18%)次之,排第三位的为“吸烟开销较大”(12.2%)。最普遍的外部触发因素是来自于专业医疗人员的建议(5.6%)。在较高社会经济地位(SES)的吸烟人群中更加普遍的是关注未来的健康问题,而在较低SES的吸烟人群中更加关注的是开销和目前的健康问题。年轻的吸烟者触发戒烟的意向更多的来自于电视广告,而年长的吸烟者戒烟意向主要来自于专业医疗人员的建议。16到24岁以及年龄大于65岁的吸烟者较25至64岁年龄组更少关注未来的健康状况。
结论:不同社会经济地位人群报道的触发戒烟意向明显不同。较高SES的吸烟者更多关注未来的健康,而那些较低SES的吸烟者对吸烟的开销和目前的健康状况关注更多。
(苏楠 审校)
Vangeli E, West R. Tob Control. 2008 Dec;17(6):410-415. Epub 2008 Sep 10.
Sociodemographic differences in triggers to quit smoking: findings from a national survey.
Vangeli E, West R.
Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK. e.vangeli@ucl.ac.uk
OBJECTIVE: Reasons for quitting smoking and triggers that finally precipitate a quit attempt are not necessarily the same thing. We sought to assess variation in reported triggers of attempts to stop smoking as a function of age, gender and socioeconomic status.
METHODS: Cross-sectional household survey in England. A total of 2441 smokers and ex-smokers aged 16 and over, who reported making at least one serious quit attempt in the last 12 months, were recruited. The main outcome measure was participants’ responses to the question "What finally triggered your most recent quit attempt?". Respondents selected from a list of options or specified a trigger not on the list.
RESULTS: In the event, smokers typically reported as triggers similar factors as have previously been reported as "reasons". "A concern about future health problems" (28.5%) was the most commonly cited trigger followed by "health problems I had at the time" (18%) and then "a decision that smoking was too expensive" (12.2%). The most common external trigger was advice from a health professional (5.6%). Future health concern was more common in smokers with higher socioeconomic status (SES), whereas cost and current health problems were more often cited by lower SES smokers. Younger smokers were more likely to report their quit attempt being triggered by a TV advertisement while older smokers were more likely to cite advice from a health professional. Concern about future health problems was cited less often by 16 to 24 year olds and those aged 65+ than those aged 25 to 64 years.
CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences in reported triggers for quit attempts as a function of sociodemographic factors. Most notably, smokers with higher SES are more likely to report concern about future health whereas those from lower SES are more likely to cite cost and current health problems.
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