哮喘教育与哮喘控制测试、FEV1及呼出气一氧化氮分数评价的哮喘控制之间的关系
2012/12/31
摘要
背景:哮喘教育是获得哮喘控制的一个重要辅助措施,但有关影响哮喘转归的哮喘教育方式了解甚少。哮喘控制测试(ACT)、第一秒用力呼气体积(FEV1)和呼出气一氧化氮分数(FeNO)已经被用作哮喘控制的标志物。然而,FeNO作为一个替代标志物尚存在分歧。
目的:(1)研究哮喘教育是否与哮喘控制有关;(2)比较一年内ACT、FEV1和FeNO的绝对值和变化值;(3)评价FeNO是否可用作哮喘控制的一个替代标志物。
方法:治疗依从性较差的50名哮喘患者(12名轻度哮喘、21名中度哮喘和17名重度哮喘)接受哮喘教育。前3个月内药物治疗维持不变,入选时、3个月、6个月和12个月时,记录ACT、FEV1和FeNO值。每次就诊时评价哮喘控制,基于GINA指南,将患者分为稳定期和非稳定期患者。
结果:3个月时,稳定期哮喘患者的FeNO显著下降,ACT评分显著增加(p < 0.001),该现象一直维持至12个月。FeNO、ACT和FEV1随时间变化值之间存在显著相关。然而,三者的绝对值之间的相关性并未维持12个月。FeNO下降≥18.6%和ACT评分增加≥3(敏感性:80%和73.3%;特异性83.3%和87.5%)与稳定哮喘控制有关,但两者的绝对值与其无相关性。
结论:哮喘教育可用于获得稳定的哮喘控制。此外,FeNO和ACT的变化值(而非绝对值)是哮喘控制的更好标志物。
(苏楠 审校)
J Asthma. 2012 Nov 19. [Epub ahead of print]
Association of Asthma Education with Asthma Control Evaluated by Asthma Control Test, FEV(1), and Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide.
Saito J, Sato S, Fukuhara A, Sato Y, Nikaido T, Inokoshi Y, Fukuhara N, Saito K, Ishii T, Tanino Y, Ishida T, Munakata M.
Source
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University , Fukushima , Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Asthma education is an important adjunct for asthma control although the way asthma education affects asthma outcomes is poorly understood. The asthma control test (ACT), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) have all been used as markers of asthma control. However, the use of FeNO as a surrogate marker remains controversial.
OBJECTIVES: (i) To examine whether asthma education is associated with asthma control; (ii) to compare absolute levels and changes of ACT, FEV(1), and FeNO over a year; and (iii) to evaluate whether FeNO can be used as an additional marker of asthma control.
METHODS:Fifty asthmatics with poor adherence (12 mild, 21 moderate, and 17 severe) received asthma education at study entry. Medications were unchanged for the first 3 months, and ACT, FEV(1), and FeNO measurements were recorded at entry, 3, 6, and 12 months. Asthma control was assessed at each visit and patients were categorized as either "stable" or "unstable" asthmatics according to the global initiative for asthma (GINA) guidelines.
RESULTS:A significant decrease in FeNO and increase in ACT score were noted in the stable asthmatic group at 3 months (p < .001), and this persisted over 12 months. Significant correlations were seen between changes (Δ) in FeNO, ACT, and FEV(1) over time. However, significant correlations between the absolute levels were not maintained over 12 months. A decrease of ≥18.6% in FeNO and a ≥3-point increase in ACT score (sensitivity: 80% and 73.3% and specificity: 83.3% and 87.5%, respectively) were associated with stable asthma control although the absolute levels were not.
CONCLUSIONS: Asthma education may be useful to achieve stable control. In addition, changes rather than absolute levels of FeNO and ACT may be better markers of asthma control.
J Asthma. 2012 Nov 19. [Epub ahead of print]
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