CXCR2拮抗剂治疗痰中性粒细胞增加的重度哮喘患者的安全性和有效性:随机、安慰剂-对照临床试验
2012/08/28
摘要
背景:重度哮喘患者气道内中性粒细胞显著增加,但这些细胞是否参与哮喘失控和决定哮喘严重程度尚不清楚。目前,尚无方法通过减少气道中性粒细胞来研究这些细胞在哮喘中的作用。
目的:本试验研究CXCR2受体选择性拮抗剂SCH527123治疗痰中性粒细胞增加的严重哮喘的安全性和有效性。
方法:本试验为随机、双盲、平行组研究,重度哮喘伴痰液总细胞计数<10×106 /g和中性粒细胞>40%的患者随机分为接受SCH527123治疗(每日30 mg,PO;n=22)和安慰剂治疗(n=12)4周。主要终点为治疗的安全性和痰液及血液中性粒细胞计数变化。次要终点为哮喘控制问卷量表(ACQ)评分、轻微和严重的哮喘急性发作、肺活量和痰液中性粒细胞活化标志物。
结果:SCH 527123组患者痰液中性粒细胞百分比下降36.3%,但安慰剂组增加6.7%(P=0.03),血液平均中性粒细胞绝对值在治疗4周后下降14%,但在第5周时开始恢复。两组间的总体不良反应无显著差异。SCH 527123组轻度哮喘发作少见(1.3 vs. 2.25, P=0.05),ACQ评分有改善的趋势(两组间的平均差异为0.42,P=0.053)。第1秒用力呼气体积(FEV1)、痰液髓过氧化物酶、IL-8和弹性酶在两组间无显著差异。
结论:对于重度哮喘患者来说,SCH527123治疗是安全的,能降低痰中性性粒细胞。
临床相关性:该新治疗为研究中性粒细胞在严重哮喘中的作用提供了方法,而且具有一定的临床意义。有必要进行大型长期的临床研究,以评价该治疗对包括哮喘发作在内的哮喘其他转归的影响。
(刘国梁 审校)
Clin Exp Allergy. 2012 Jul;42(7):1097-1103. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04014.x.
Safety and efficacy of a CXCR2 antagonist in patients with severe asthma and sputum neutrophils: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Nair P, Gaga M, Zervas E, Alagha K, Hargreave FE, O’Byrne PM, Stryszak P, Gann L, Sadeh J, Chanez P; on behalf of the study investigators.
Source
Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Healthcare & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Increased numbers of neutrophils are reported in the airways of patients with severe asthma. It is not clear if they contribute to the lack of control and severity. There are currently no strategies to investigate this by decreasing neutrophil numbers in the airways.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of SCH527123, a selective CXCR2 receptor antagonist, in patients with severe asthma and increased number of neutrophils in sputum.
METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, parallel study, patients with severe asthma and sputum total cell count < 10 × 10(6) /g and neutrophils > 40% were randomized to SCH527123, 30 mg daily PO (n = 22) or placebo (n = 12) for 4 weeks. Primary end-points were safety and change in sputum and blood neutrophil counts. Secondary end-points were change in asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) score, minor and major exacerbations, spirometry and sputum neutrophil activation markers.
RESULTS: The SCH 527123 caused a mean reduction of 36.3% in sputum neutrophil percentage compared to a 6.7% increase in the placebo arm (P = 0.03). The mean absolute neutrophil count in blood was reduced by 14% at the end of 4 weeks, but recovered by the 5th week. There were no differences in the overall rates of adverse events among the groups. There were fewer mild exacerbations (1.3 vs. 2.25, P = 0.05) and a trend towards improvement in the ACQ score (mean difference between groups of 0.42 points, P = 0.053). No statistically significant changes were observed in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV (1) ), sputum myeloperoxidase, IL8 or elastase.
CONCLUSIONS: The SCH527123 is safe and reduces sputum neutrophils in patients with severe asthma.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This new treatment provides an opportunity to investigate the role of neutrophils in severe asthma with potential clinical benefits. Larger studies of longer duration are needed to evaluate the impact on other outcomes of asthma including exacerbations.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2012 Jul;42(7):1097-1103. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04014.x.
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