G蛋白信号转导调节因子2是气道高反应性的关键调节因子
2012/08/28
摘要
背景:针对G蛋白偶联受体的药物已经用于哮喘的治疗,但该治疗受到限制,因为G蛋白偶联受体信号非常复杂。G蛋白信号转导调节因子2(RGS2)是多种支气管收缩剂受体的细胞内选择性抑制剂,在哮喘的病理生理学和治疗中起到重要作用。
目的:本试验研究RGS2在调节气道高反应性(AHR;哮喘的一个病理生理学标志物)中的功能和机制。
方法:采用实时PCR和western blot检测卵清白蛋白致敏和激发小鼠的RGS2表达变化。采用免疫组化和实时PCR比较哮喘患者和对照者的RGS2表达。通过有创性气管切开术和无限制体积描记法评价RGS2基因敲除小鼠的AHR。体内和体外实验研究RGS2缺失对小鼠气道平滑肌(ASM)重构、收缩、细胞内Ca2+和丝裂原信号的影响。
结果:人和小鼠支气管平滑肌和ASM的RGS2表达显著上调,在卵清白蛋白致敏/激发的小鼠肺内显著下调。哮喘患者的肺组织和血单核细胞RGS2蛋白(肺)和mRNA(单核细胞)表达显著下降。人单核细胞RGS2表达下降的程度与AHR增加相关。RGS2基因敲除导致小鼠自发性AHR。RGS2缺失增加Ca2+的动员和ASM细胞的收缩。RGS2缺失同时通过细胞外信号调节激酶和磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶信号通路增加ASM体积和刺激ASM生长。
结论:本研究显示,RGS是AHR的一个较强的调节因子,可以作为哮喘治疗的一个靶点。
(刘国梁 审校)
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Jun 14. [Epub ahead of print]
Regulator of G protein signaling 2 is a key modulator of airway hyperresponsiveness.
Xie Y, Jiang H, Nguyen H, Jia S, Berro A, Panettieri RA Jr, Wolff DW, Abel PW, Casale TB, Tu Y.
Source
Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Neb.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Drugs targeting individual G protein-coupled receptors are used as asthma therapies, but this strategy is limited because of G protein-coupled receptor signal redundancy. Regulator of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2), an intracellular selective inhibitor of multiple bronchoconstrictor receptors, may play a central role in the pathophysiology and treatment of asthma.
OBJECTIVE: We defined functions and mechanisms of RGS2 in regulating airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), the pathophysiologic hallmark of asthma.
METHODS: Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to determine changes in RGS2 expression in ovalbumin-sensitized/-challenged mice. We also used immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR to compare RGS2 expression between human asthmatic and control subjects. The AHR of RGS2 knockout mice was assessed by using invasive tracheostomy and unrestrained plethysmography. Effects of loss of RGS2 on mouse airway smooth muscle (ASM) remodeling, contraction, intracellular Ca(2+), and mitogenic signaling were determined in vivo and in vitro.
RESULTS: RGS2 was highly expressed in human and murine bronchial epithelium and ASM and was markedly downregulated in lungs of ovalbumin-sensitized/-challenged mice. Lung tissues and blood monocytes from asthma patients expressed significantly lower RGS2 protein (lung) and mRNA (monocytes) than from nonasthma subjects. The extent of reduction of RGS2 on human monocytes correlated with increased AHR. RGS2 knockout caused spontaneous AHR in mice. Loss of RGS2 augmented Ca(2+) mobilization and contraction of ASM cells. Loss of RGS2 also increased ASM mass and stimulated ASM cell growth via extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways.
CONCLUSION: We identified RGS2 as a potent modulator of AHR and a potential novel therapeutic target for asthma.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Jun 14. [Epub ahead of print]