全球成人哮喘的患病率:从横断面世界的健康调查的结果
2012/05/15
背景:哮喘是全球性的致残、耗费卫生资源和造成生活质量较差的主要原因之一。本试验对全球成人哮喘负担进行评价,这有助于开发针对该人群常见病的治疗措施。
方法:全球健康调查(WHS)于2002~2003年由世界卫生组织发起并实施。共计70个国家的178215名18~45岁的受试者入选,要求入选者回答哮喘及其症状的相关问题。哮喘患病率基于过去12个月内与自我主诉医生诊断的哮喘、临床/治疗的哮喘和喘息相关问题的回答来判断。
结果:成人中,医生诊断的哮喘、临床/治疗哮喘和喘息的发病率分别为4.3%、4.5%和8.6%,70个国家中的发病率也不一致,最高相差21倍。医生诊断的哮喘、临床/治疗哮喘和喘息的发病率在澳大利亚具最高(分别为21.0%、21.5%和27.4%)。对于临床/治疗的哮喘成人患者,24%为当前吸烟者,约一半主诉喘息,20%从未进行哮喘治疗。
结论:本研究对全球成人哮喘负担进行了评价,结果显示,哮喘是全球关注的公共卫生问题之一。吸烟率较高,仍是哮喘治疗的主要障碍。哮喘患病率在资源较富足的国家最高,资源较匮乏的国家也受到哮喘的影响。正是因为治疗这些非传染性疾病的需求,从而影响了国家的发展。
(林江涛 审校)
BMC Public Health. 2012 Mar 19;12(1):204. [Epub ahead of print]
Global asthma prevalence in adults: findings from the cross-sectional world health survey.
To T, Stanojevic S, Moores G, Gershon AS, Bateman ED, Cruz AA, Boulet LP.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Asthma is a major cause of disability, health resource utilization and poor quality of life world-wide. We set out to generate estimates of the global burden of asthma in adults, which may inform the development of strategies to address this common disease.
METHODS: The World Health Survey (WHS) was developed and implemented by the World Health Organization in 2002-2003. A total of 178,215 individuals from 70 countries aged 18 to 45 years responded to questions related to asthma and related symptoms. The prevalence of asthma was based on responses to questions relating to self-reported doctor diagnosed asthma, clinical/treated asthma, and wheezing in the last 12 months.
RESULTS: The global prevalence rates of doctor diagnosed asthma, clinical/treated asthma and wheezing in adults were 4.3%, 4.5%, and 8.6% respectively, and varied by as much as 21-fold amongst the 70 countries. Australia reported the highest rate of doctor diagnosed, clinical/treated asthma, and wheezing (21.0%, 21.5%, and 27.4%). Amongst those with clinical/treated asthma, almost 24% were current smokers, half reported wheezing, and 20% had never been treated for asthma.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a global estimate of the burden of asthma in adults, and suggests that asthma continues to be a major public health concern worldwide. The high prevalence of smoking remains a major barrier to combating the global burden of asthma. While the highest prevalence rates were observed in resource-rich countries, resource-poor nations were also significantly affected, posing a barrier to development as it stretches further the demands of non-communicable diseases.
BMC Public Health. 2012 Mar 19;12(1):204. [Epub ahead of print]
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成人哮喘和慢性支气管炎患者的精神健康:西班牙一项人群为基础的研究
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产前和被动烟雾暴露和哮喘及喘息的发病率:系统综述和荟萃分析