成人哮喘患者上呼吸道感染发作和哮喘发作的相关性
2012/05/08
背景:哮喘具有多个表型特征,包括反复发作和反复出现的上呼吸道感染(URI)。
目的:本试验为一项回顾性研究,旨在分析成人哮喘反复发作的特征及其与URI反复发作之间的相关性。
方法:采用自填式问卷调查收集相关信息,其中2006年秋冬季入选7070名患者,2007年春夏季入选4859名患者,2007年秋冬季入选4452名患者。患者主诉症状的严重程度、URI时发热频率和哮喘发作。严重发作定义为自我主诉的哮喘相关住院、急诊就医或需要全身激素治疗。反复发作的发热性URI和哮喘发作定义为6个月内出现2次或以上的上述表现。采用泊松回归模型寻找哮喘发作风险的预测因子。
结果:6226名完成问卷调查的患者中,发热性URI的频率和严重发作每名患者每年分别为1.54和0.54。Logistic回归分析显示,老龄(OR:1.57; 95% CI: 1.15-2.13)、女性(OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.20-2.08)、反复发作的发热性URI(OR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.47-4.91)、1年内有过哮喘发作(OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.28-2.34)、未使用激素吸入治疗(OR: 2.63; 95% CI: 1.68-4.12)和未使用辅助白三烯受体拮抗剂(OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.06-1.74)与中重度症状独立相关。泊松回归分析显示,与严重哮喘发作频率相关的独立因素有女性(回归系数β = 0.62, p < 0.01)、咳痰性咳嗽(β = 1.23, p < 0.01)、夜间觉醒(β = 1.22, p < 0.01)和前6个月内的哮喘严重发作(β = 0.78, p < 0.01)。
结论:哮喘症状严重程度和严重哮喘发作频率与过去哮喘发作及URI易感性相关。
(陈欣 审校)
J Asthma. 2012 Apr;49(3):253-9. Epub 2012 Feb 29.
Association between Episodes of Upper Respiratory Infection and Exacerbations in Adult Patients with Asthma.
Tomita K, Sano H, Iwanaga T, Ishihara K, Ichinose M, Kawase I, Kimura H, Hirata K, Fujimura M, Mishima M, Tohda Y.
Source
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University , Osaka , Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Asthma has several phenotypical features, including recurrent exacerbations and recurrent episodes of upper respiratory infection (URI).
PURPOSE:A retrospective study was performed to identify the characteristics of adult patients with recurrent exacerbations of asthma, especially in association with recurrent episodes of URI.
METHODS:Information was collected using a self-administered questionnaire given to 7070 patients in autumn-winter 2006, 4859 patients in spring-summer 2007, and 4452 patients in autumn-winter 2007. The patients reported the degree of symptoms and the frequency of febrile episodes of URI and exacerbations. Severe exacerbations were defined as a self-report of asthma-related hospitalization, an emergency department visit, or a requirement for systemic corticosteroids. Recurrent febrile URI and exacerbations were defined as two or more episodes within the previous 6 months. A Poisson regression model was used to identify the factors that were predictors of a risk for exacerbations.
RESULTS:Of the 6266 patients who completed the questionnaire, the frequencies of febrile URI and episodes of severe exacerbations were 1.54 and 0.54 per subject per year, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that an older age [odds ratio (OR): 1.57; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-2.13], female sex (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.20-2.08), recurrent febrile episodes of URI (OR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.47-4.91), a history of previous exacerbation within 1 year (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.28-2.34), disuse of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) (OR: 2.63; 95% CI: 1.68-4.12), and disuse of add-on leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.06-1.74) were independently associated with moderate to severe symptom-severity. Poisson regression analysis showed that the independent factors that contributed to the frequency of recurrent severe exacerbations were female sex (regression coefficient β = 0.62, p < .01), an episode of sputum with coughing (β = 1.23, p < .01), nocturnal awakening (β = 1.22, p < .01), and severe exacerbation (β = 0.78, p < .01) within the previous 6 months.
CONCLUSION:Symptom-severity of asthma and the frequency of severe exacerbations were associated with previous exacerbations and susceptibility to URI.
J Asthma. 2012 Apr;49(3):253-9. Epub 2012 Feb 29.
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哮喘患者寻求急诊就医的时机:自我管理、就诊时临床特征及住院治疗
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哮喘控制测试(ACT):比较哮喘控制的临床、功能学和生物学标志物