评价国家心脏、肺和血液研究所指南中各个评估指标对哮喘控制分类和预测哮喘发作的作用
2012/02/29
背景:对哮喘控制的准确评价有助于预测未来哮喘发作。
目的:在重度/难治性哮喘患者中评价哮喘指南中各个评估指标对哮喘发作的预测作用。
方法:在哮喘转归和治疗方案的流行病学和自然史研究中,对于基础水平和近12个月的病历资料完整的儿童(年龄:6~11岁;n = 289)和青少年/成人(年龄:≥12岁;n = 2,094)入选本研究。基于指南的各个评估指标,将受试者分为哮喘控制很差、哮喘控制较差和哮喘控制较好患者。分析各指标对哮喘控制很差和哮喘控制较差组患者的影响。采用多变量logistic回归模型研究各组成与哮喘发作之间的关系。
结果:每个患者其评估指标的遗漏可导致11~39%的患者其哮喘控制分类发生错误。基础线哮喘发作是近12个月内哮喘发作的最强的独立预测因子(儿童:OR= 2.94,P <0.001;青少年/成人:OR= 2.93,P <0.001)。对于儿童患者,基于短效β2受体激动剂使用的哮喘控制很差对哮喘急性发作风险增加2倍相关(OR= 2.03,P =0.011)。对于青少年/成人,基于短效β2受体激动剂使用(OR= 1.49)、肺功能(OR= 1.66)和哮喘治疗评估问卷调查(OR= 1.94)的哮喘控制较差或很差,也是哮喘发作的独立预测因子(P <0.001)。
结论:虽然联合使用各个评估标准能增加鉴别未来哮喘发作高风险患者的敏感性,对于重度/难治性哮喘患者,特定的指标可能较其他指标更为重要。前期哮喘发作、短效β2受体激动剂使用、肺功能和哮喘治疗评估问卷调查对于青少年/成人是哮喘发作的独立预测因子。
(苏楠 审校)
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012 Feb;108(2):81-87.e3.
Evaluation of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute guidelines impairment domain for classifying asthma control and predicting asthma exacerbations.
Zeiger RS, Yegin A, Simons FE, Haselkorn T, Rasouliyan L, Szefler SJ, Chipps BE; TENOR Study Group.
Source
Department of Allergy, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego, California.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Accurate assessment of asthma control may help predict future asthma exacerbations.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate asthma guidelines impairment domain components as predictors of exacerbations in severe/difficult-to-treat asthma.
METHODS: Children (aged 6-11 years; n = 289) and adolescents/adults (aged ≥12 years; n = 2,094) with complete baseline and 12-month data from The Epidemiology and Natural History of Asthma Outcomes and Treatment Regimens study were included. Asthma was categorized as very poorly controlled, not well-controlled, and well-controlled using impairment domain components. Effects of omitting each component on very poorly controlled and not well controlled groups were examined. Multivariable logistic regression determined the relationship of components in predicting asthma exacerbations.
RESULTS: Omission of individual impairment domain components led to misclassification of asthma control in 11% to 39% of patients. A baseline exacerbation was the strongest independent predictor of exacerbation at month 12 in children (odds ratio = 2.94; P < .001) and adolescents/adults (odds ratio = 2.93; P < .001). In children, very poorly controlled asthma-based short-acting β2-agonist use was associated with a 2-fold higher exacerbation risk (odds ratio = 2.03; P = .011). In adolescents/adults, not well controlled or very poorly controlled asthma based on short-acting β2-agonist use (odds ratio = 1.49), lung function (odds ratio = 1.66), and the Asthma Therapy Assessment Questionnaire (odds ratio = 1.94) were also independent predictors of exacerbations (P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS: Although the combined use of individual components of the impairment domain increases the sensitivity of identifying patients at high risk for future asthma exacerbations, specific components may be more important than others in severe/difficult-to-treat asthma. Prior exacerbations, short-acting β2-agonist use, lung function, and (in adolescents/adults) the Asthma Therapy Assessment Questionnaire were independent predictors of exacerbations.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012 Feb;108(2):81-87.e3.