在城市中重度哮喘成人患者中,采用解决问题的方法来改善治疗依从性和哮喘转归:随机对照试验
2011/08/31
摘要
背景:提高哮喘患者对吸入激素 (ICS)治疗的依从性,有助于改善哮喘转归。
目的:在一项随机对照试验中,研究旨在解决问题(PS)的个性化干预措施是否能改善ICS治疗的依从性和哮喘转归。
方法:在门诊中选取患有中重度哮喘的城市成人患者,随机分为PS组和标准哮喘教育(AE)组,进行3个月的干预,随后再观察3个月。PS包括阐明导致依从性差的原因、提出解决方案、尽职尽责、评价和修订干预措施。对治疗的依从性进行电子检测。哮喘转归包括下列指标:哮喘控制水平、FEV1、哮喘相关生活质量、急诊就诊情况(ED)、住院情况。在意向治疗分析纵向模型中,采用随机效应和回归进行分析。
结果:333名成人患者进行了随机分组,平均年龄为49 ± 14岁,72%为女性,68%为非洲裔美国人,7%为拉丁美洲裔美国人,平均FEV1为66 ± 19%,在过去一年中,有103名(31%)患者住院治疗,有172名(52%)患者因哮喘急诊就诊。在任何哮喘转归上各组间总体上无显著差异(P >0.20)。平均依从性(61% ± 27%)随着时间进展呈现显著下降,在AE组和PS组分别为14%和10%(P =0.0004)。哮喘控制水平总体上有所改善15%(P =0.002)。在两组中,FEV1和生活质量分别改善6%(P =0.01)和18% (P <0.0001)。然而,FEV1的改善仅出现于监测期,而在随机化之后无改善。在整个研究期内急诊就诊率和住院率并无显著下降。
结论:在改善治疗依从性或哮喘转归方面,PS并不优于AE。然而,在两组中,在治疗和关注下监测ICS的使用情况,与FEV1和哮喘控制改善相关。
(林江涛审校)
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jun 23. [Epub ahead of print]
Problem solving to improve adherence and asthma outcomes in urban adults with moderate or severe asthma: A randomized controlled trial.
Apter AJ, Wang X, Bogen DK, Rand CS, McElligott S, Polsky D, Gonzalez R, Priolo C, Adam B, Geer S, Have TT.
Source
Section of Allergy and Immunology, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Improving inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) adherence should improve asthma outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: In a randomized controlled trial we tested whether an individualized problem-solving (PS) intervention improves ICS adherence and asthma outcomes.
METHODS: Adults with moderate or severe asthma from clinics serving urban neighborhoods were randomized to PS (ie, defining specific barriers to adherence, proposing/weighing solutions, trying the best, assessing, and revising) or standard asthma education (AE) for 3 months and then observed for 3 months. Adherence was monitored electronically. Outcomes included the following: asthma control, FEV(1), asthma-related quality of life, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalizations. In an intention-to-treat-analysis longitudinal models using random effects and regression were used.
RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-three adults were randomized: 49 ± 14 years of age, 72% female, 68% African American, 7% Latino, mean FEV(1) of 66% ± 19%, and 103 (31%) with hospitalizations and 172 (52%) with ED visits for asthma in the prior year. There was no difference between groups in overall change in any outcome (P > .20). Mean adherence (61% ± 27%) decreased significantly (P = .0004) over time by 14% and 10% in the AE and PS groups, respectively. Asthma control improved overall by 15% (P = .002). In both groups FEV(1) and quality of life improved by 6% (P = .01) and 18% (P < .0001), respectively. However, the improvement in FEV(1) only occurred during monitoring but not subsequently after randomization. Rates of ED visits and hospitalizations did not significantly decrease over the study period.
CONCLUSION: PS was not better than AE in improving adherence or asthma outcomes. However, monitoring ICS use with provision of medications and attention, which was imposed on both groups, was associated with improvement in FEV(1) and asthma control.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jun 23. [Epub ahead of print]
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客观的气道监测在感冒和流感季节改善哮喘控制:一项整群随机试验
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