肥胖和哮喘:经哮喘发病年龄校正后的相关性
2011/08/10
摘要
背景:针对哮喘表现型的研究显示,成人期发作的哮喘患者中,有较高比例的患者存在肥胖。然而,哮喘发作年龄是否能影响肥胖与哮喘之间的关系尚不清楚。
目的:我们比较不同哮喘发病年龄患者间的体重指数(BMI)与生理学、炎症和临床指标之间的关系;比较经哮喘发病年龄校正后,BMI变化与哮喘病程的关系。
方法:基于“重度哮喘研究项目”(Severe Asthma Research Program),我们将哮喘发作年龄定为早期(<12岁)和晚期(≥12岁)。在各哮喘发作年龄组比较BMI分类,同时对不同年龄组间的肥胖程度进行比较。多元logistic回归分析用于评价BMI分类与医疗资源使用和呼吸道症状之间的关系,多元线性回归用于评价哮喘病程和体重增加(每年BMI变化)之间的关系。肥胖与哮喘发作年龄之间的相互作用同样纳入多变量分析。
结果:入选对象包括1049名受试者,哮喘发作年龄中位数为10岁(四分位数间距:4~25岁)。45%的患者为迟发性哮喘(≥12岁发作),52%的患者为早发性哮喘(<12岁发作)。与迟发性肥胖哮喘患者相比,早发性肥胖患者气道梗阻、支气管高反应性更严重,每年有3次或更多次口服激素递减或每年因哮喘急诊就诊次数优势比较高(肥胖与哮喘发作年龄相互作用的P值分别为0.055和0.02)。对于早发型哮喘患者,对其他混杂因素校正后,BMI增加和哮喘持续时间相关。哮喘持续时间和哮喘发作年龄之间的相互作用P值小于0.01。
结论:在早发性(<12岁)和迟发性(≥12岁)哮喘患者中,肥胖对哮喘的影响不一致。这些结果显示,有必要了解肥胖作为哮喘共患病对哮喘临床特异表型的影响,但肥胖并未影响所有哮喘患者。
(刘国梁 审校)
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jun;127(6):1486-1493.e2.
Obesity and asthma: An association modified by age of asthma onset.
Holguin F, Bleecker ER, Busse WW, Calhoun WJ, Castro M, Erzurum SC, Fitzpatrick AM, Gaston B, Israel E, Jarjour NN, Moore WC, Peters SP, Yonas M, Teague WG, Wenzel SE.
Source
Asthma Institute, Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies of asthma phenotypes have identified obesity as a component of a group characterized by a high proportion of subjects with adult-onset asthma. However, whether age of asthma onset modifies the association between obesity and asthma is unknown.
OBJECTIVES: We sought to compare the associations between body mass index (BMI) categories with physiological, inflammatory, and clinical parameters across age of asthma onset phenotypes; and to compare the rate of BMI change in relation to asthma duration, by age of onset asthma phenotypes.
METHODS: From the Severe Asthma Research Program, we defined age of asthma onset as early (<12 years of age) and late (≥12 years of age). Comparisons of BMI categories were done within age-of-onset groups, and obesity was also compared across these groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the association between BMI categories with health care use and respiratory symptoms and multivariable linear regression for the association between duration of asthma and weight gain (BMI change per year). An interaction between obesity and age of asthma onset was included in the multivariable analyses.
RESULTS: The study population consisted of 1049 subjects, and the median age for asthma onset was 10 years (interquartile range, 4-25 years); 48% had late-onset asthma (≥12 years of age), and 52% had early-onset asthma (<12 years of age). Compared with obese subjects with late-onset asthma, obese subjects with early-onset asthma had more airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and higher odds ratios of ever having 3 or more previous oral steroid tapers per year or intensive care unit admissions for asthma per preceding year (interactions between obesity and age of asthma onset were P = .055 and P = .02, respectively). In subjects with early-onset asthma but not in subjects with late-onset asthma, there was a significant association between increasing BMI and duration of asthma after adjusting for confounders. The interaction between asthma duration and age of asthma onset was a P value of less than .01.
CONCLUSION: Asthmatic subjects are differentially affected by obesity based on whether they had asthma early (<12 years of age) or later in life. These results highlight the need to understand obesity as a comorbidity that affects specific clinical phenotypes and not all asthma subjects alike.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jun;127(6):1486-1493.e2.
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