在不吸烟的健康人群中用柠檬酸诱导的咳嗽冲动感以及呼吸困难的性别差异
2010/11/04
摘要
背景：咳嗽反射阈值存在性别差异的机制尚不清楚。本文对咳嗽反射阈值、呼吸道感受、咳嗽冲动感及呼吸困难存在的性别差异进行评价。
方法：19名男性和20名女性从不吸烟的健康受试者通过公开广告方式入选本研究。通过吸入柠檬酸来诱导咳嗽，然后对咳嗽反射阈值及咳嗽冲动进行评价。呼吸困难感知通过外部吸气阻性负载的Borg评分进行评价。
结果：柠檬酸诱导的咳嗽反射的阈值和阈上值通过LogC2表示，女性该阈值显著低于男性。女性咳嗽冲动的对数斜率（1.47±0.81 point·L/g）大于男性（0.96±0.28 point·L/g, p<0.03）。男性和女性咳嗽冲动的阈值无显著差异。呼吸困难外部吸气阻性负载的Borg评分的变化斜率（0.17±0.04 point/cmH(2)O/L/s），女性大于男性（0.13±0.05 point/cmH(2)O/L/s, p<0.01）。咳嗽冲动的斜率与呼吸困难感知的斜率显著相关（r=0.537, p<0.01）。
结论：咳嗽反射阈值的性别差异同样存在于呼吸感受。中枢呼吸感受增加在女性咳嗽反射阈值下降中起到重要作用。需要进一步研究以证实该现象。
（林江涛 审校）
Chest. 2010 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Gender difference in perceptions of urge-to-cough induced by citric acid and dyspnea in healthy never-smokers.
Gui P, Ebihara S, Kanezaki M, Suda C, Nikkuni E, Ebihara T, Yamasaki M, Kohzuki M.
Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The mechanism of the gender difference in cough reflex threshold has not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we evaluated gender differences of cough reflex threshold along with the perceptions of respiratory sensations, urge-to-cough and dyspnea.
METHODS: Nineteen male and 20 female healthy never-smokers were recruited via public postings. The cough reflex threshold and the urge-to-cough were evaluated by inhalation of citric acid. The perception of dyspnea was evaluated by Borg scores during applications of external inspiratory resistive loads.
RESULTS: The cough reflex threshold and suprathreshold to citric acid, as expressed by log C(2) and log C(5), in females was significantly lower than that of males. The urge-to-cough log-log slope in females (1.47±0.81 point·L/g) was significantly steeper than those of males (0.96±0.28 point·L/g, p<0.03). There were no significant differences in the urge-to-cough threshold estimated between males and females. The slope of the dyspnea Borg score change during the external inspiratory resistive loads is steeper in females (0.17±0.04 point/cmH(2)O/L/s) than that in males (0.13±0.05 point/cmH(2)O/L/s, p<0.01). The urge-to-cough slope significantly correlated with the perception of dyspnea slope (r=0.537, p<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: The gender difference in cough reflex threshold accompanied with the gender difference in amplification rate of respiratory sensations in the same direction. The higher central gain for common pathways for respiratory sensations may play a role in lower threshold of cough reflex in females. Further studies are needed to elucidate this issue.
Chest. 2010 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
背景：咳嗽反射阈值存在性别差异的机制尚不清楚。本文对咳嗽反射阈值、呼吸道感受、咳嗽冲动感及呼吸困难存在的性别差异进行评价。
方法：19名男性和20名女性从不吸烟的健康受试者通过公开广告方式入选本研究。通过吸入柠檬酸来诱导咳嗽，然后对咳嗽反射阈值及咳嗽冲动进行评价。呼吸困难感知通过外部吸气阻性负载的Borg评分进行评价。
结果：柠檬酸诱导的咳嗽反射的阈值和阈上值通过LogC2表示，女性该阈值显著低于男性。女性咳嗽冲动的对数斜率（1.47±0.81 point·L/g）大于男性（0.96±0.28 point·L/g, p<0.03）。男性和女性咳嗽冲动的阈值无显著差异。呼吸困难外部吸气阻性负载的Borg评分的变化斜率（0.17±0.04 point/cmH(2)O/L/s），女性大于男性（0.13±0.05 point/cmH(2)O/L/s, p<0.01）。咳嗽冲动的斜率与呼吸困难感知的斜率显著相关（r=0.537, p<0.01）。
结论：咳嗽反射阈值的性别差异同样存在于呼吸感受。中枢呼吸感受增加在女性咳嗽反射阈值下降中起到重要作用。需要进一步研究以证实该现象。
（林江涛 审校）
Chest. 2010 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Gender difference in perceptions of urge-to-cough induced by citric acid and dyspnea in healthy never-smokers.
Gui P, Ebihara S, Kanezaki M, Suda C, Nikkuni E, Ebihara T, Yamasaki M, Kohzuki M.
Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The mechanism of the gender difference in cough reflex threshold has not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we evaluated gender differences of cough reflex threshold along with the perceptions of respiratory sensations, urge-to-cough and dyspnea.
METHODS: Nineteen male and 20 female healthy never-smokers were recruited via public postings. The cough reflex threshold and the urge-to-cough were evaluated by inhalation of citric acid. The perception of dyspnea was evaluated by Borg scores during applications of external inspiratory resistive loads.
RESULTS: The cough reflex threshold and suprathreshold to citric acid, as expressed by log C(2) and log C(5), in females was significantly lower than that of males. The urge-to-cough log-log slope in females (1.47±0.81 point·L/g) was significantly steeper than those of males (0.96±0.28 point·L/g, p<0.03). There were no significant differences in the urge-to-cough threshold estimated between males and females. The slope of the dyspnea Borg score change during the external inspiratory resistive loads is steeper in females (0.17±0.04 point/cmH(2)O/L/s) than that in males (0.13±0.05 point/cmH(2)O/L/s, p<0.01). The urge-to-cough slope significantly correlated with the perception of dyspnea slope (r=0.537, p<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: The gender difference in cough reflex threshold accompanied with the gender difference in amplification rate of respiratory sensations in the same direction. The higher central gain for common pathways for respiratory sensations may play a role in lower threshold of cough reflex in females. Further studies are needed to elucidate this issue.
Chest. 2010 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
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