电子鼻、呼出气一氧化氮浓度和肺功能检测诊断哮喘的价值
2010/04/14
背景:采用生物感受器分析呼出气能鉴别哮喘患者和健康受试者。电子鼻由化学感受器组成,能检测挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),已成为一种识别模式。本研究比较电子鼻和肺功能检测及呼出气一氧化氮分数(FENO)在诊断特应性哮喘患者中的作用。
方法:对27例间歇性和持续性轻症哮喘患者和24名健康受试者进行横断面研究。两步法收集呼出气,研究总气体及肺泡气的差异。共7例哮喘患者和7名健康志愿者参与本项研究,采用质谱指纹图谱作为独立检测技术评价两组间差异。根据主成分分析和前馈神经网络进行分类。
结果:电子鼻对肺泡气分析结果最佳。电子鼻、FENO和肺功能检测的诊断准确性分别为87.5%、79.2%和70.8%。电子鼻和FENO联合检测对哮喘具有最佳的检出率(95.8%)。VOCs的质谱指纹图谱能区分哮喘患者和健康志愿者。
结论:电子鼻对哮喘具有较好的检出率,若联合FENO则能提高哮喘检出率。尚需大样本研究证实电子鼻在诊断哮喘中的作用。上述无创检测法是否能用于临床哮喘早期诊断还需进一步研究。
(林江涛 审校)
Chest. 2010 Jan 15. [Epub ahead of print]
Diagnostic performance of an electronic nose, fractional exhaled nitric oxide and lung function testing in asthma.
Montuschi P, Santonico M, Pennazza G, Mondino C, Mantini G, Martinelli E, Capuano R, Ciabattoni G, Paolesse R, Di Natale C, Barnes PJ, D’Amico A.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
BACKGROUND: Analysis of exhaled breath by biosensors discriminates between patients with asthma and healthy subjects. An electronic nose consists of a chemical sensor array for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and an algorithm for pattern recognition. We compared the diagnostic performance of a prototype of an electronic nose with lung function tests and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (F(E)NO) in patients with atopic asthma.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 27 patients with intermittent and persistent mild asthma and in 24 healthy subjects. Two procedures for collecting exhaled breath were followed to study the differences between total and alveolar air. Seven patients with asthma and 7 healthy subjects participated in a study with mass spectrometry (MS) fingerprinting as an independent technique for assessing between group discrimination. Classification was based on principal component analysis and a feed forward neural network.
RESULTS: The best results were obtained when the electronic nose analysis was performed on alveolar air. Diagnostic performance for electronic nose, F(E)NO, and lung function testing was 87.5%, 79.2%, and 70.8%, respectively. The combination of electronic nose and F(E)NO had the highest diagnostic performance for asthma (95.8%). MS fingerprints of VOCs could discriminate between patients with asthma and healthy subjects.
CONCLUSIONS: The electronic nose has a high diagnostic performance that can be increased when combined with F(E)NO. Large studies are now required to definitively establish the diagnostic performance of the electronic nose. Whether this integrated non-invasive approach will translate into an early diagnosis of asthma has to be clarified.
Chest. 2010 Jan 15. [Epub ahead of print]
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应用气道物理学原理有助于解释哮喘与胃食管反流的关系
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轻度哮喘患者支气管扩张剂反应性增加可预测大气道炎症