高保真度咳嗽声响及气流特征记录系统
2010/02/23
咳嗽被认为是多种呼吸道疾病的早期症状。最近，对于测定、分析和描述咳嗽声音性质的研究层出不穷。绝大多数研究都致力对于某一特定时段内无意咳嗽和周围环境声的区分。本研究旨在开发一套高保真度的主动咳嗽声的检测系统，以用于发现肺部疾病。为进一步增进该系统的分析能力，系统设计同时整合了无创性气流检测手段。设计主要考虑通过增加咳嗽声的信噪比来增加所记录咳嗽声的保真度，并将环境中的声学反射降至最低。
为达到上述目标，我们将传声筒连接至圆柱管。麦克风贴于传声筒附近，使麦克风的膜片贴近圆柱管内表面的切线缘。将呼吸速度描记器连接于圆柱管末端，用其检测咳嗽时产生的气流。系统末端为指数曲线形喇叭，该装置可将环境中的声音反射降至最低。同时采用软件读取、处理、显示、记录和分析咳嗽声音及气流特征。采用不同设计通过比较不同的声音反射及总体信噪比来优化该系统。收集对志愿者的测定结果，以评价该系统的可行性。
结果显示，通过分析咳嗽特征，有助于检测肺部疾病。
（陈欣 审校）
Ann Biomed Eng. 2009 Oct 30. [Epub ahead of print]
A System for Recording High Fidelity Cough Sound and Airflow Characteristics.
Goldsmith WT, Mahmoud AM, Reynolds JS, McKinney WG, Afshari AA, Abaza AA, Frazer DG.
Cough is considered an early sign of many respiratory diseases. Recently, there has been increased interest in measuring, analyzing, and characterizing the acoustical properties of a cough. In most cases the main focus of those studies was to distinguish between involuntary coughs and ambient sounds over a specified time period. The objective of this study was to develop a system to measure high fidelity voluntary cough sounds to detect lung diseases. To further augment the analysis capability of the system, a non-invasive flow measurement was also incorporated into the design. One of the main design considerations was to increase the fidelity of the recorded sound characteristics by increasing the signal to noise ratio of cough sounds and to minimize acoustical reflections from the environment. To accomplish this goal, a system was designed with a mouthpiece connected to a cylindrical tube. A microphone was attached near the mouthpiece so that its diaphragm was tangent to the inner surface of the cylinder. A pneumotach at the end of the tube measured the airflow generated by the cough. The system was terminated with an exponential horn to minimize sound reflections. Custom software was developed to read, process, display, record, and analyze cough sound and airflow characteristics. The system was optimized by comparing acoustical reflections and total signal to background noise ratios across different designs. Cough measurements were also collected from volunteer subjects to assess the viability of the system. Results indicate that analysis of cough characteristics has the potential to detect lung disease.
Goldsmith WT, Mahmoud AM, Reynolds JS, et al. Ann Biomed Eng. 2009 Oct 30. [Epub ahead of print]
为达到上述目标，我们将传声筒连接至圆柱管。麦克风贴于传声筒附近，使麦克风的膜片贴近圆柱管内表面的切线缘。将呼吸速度描记器连接于圆柱管末端，用其检测咳嗽时产生的气流。系统末端为指数曲线形喇叭，该装置可将环境中的声音反射降至最低。同时采用软件读取、处理、显示、记录和分析咳嗽声音及气流特征。采用不同设计通过比较不同的声音反射及总体信噪比来优化该系统。收集对志愿者的测定结果，以评价该系统的可行性。
结果显示，通过分析咳嗽特征，有助于检测肺部疾病。
（陈欣 审校）
Ann Biomed Eng. 2009 Oct 30. [Epub ahead of print]
A System for Recording High Fidelity Cough Sound and Airflow Characteristics.
Goldsmith WT, Mahmoud AM, Reynolds JS, McKinney WG, Afshari AA, Abaza AA, Frazer DG.
Cough is considered an early sign of many respiratory diseases. Recently, there has been increased interest in measuring, analyzing, and characterizing the acoustical properties of a cough. In most cases the main focus of those studies was to distinguish between involuntary coughs and ambient sounds over a specified time period. The objective of this study was to develop a system to measure high fidelity voluntary cough sounds to detect lung diseases. To further augment the analysis capability of the system, a non-invasive flow measurement was also incorporated into the design. One of the main design considerations was to increase the fidelity of the recorded sound characteristics by increasing the signal to noise ratio of cough sounds and to minimize acoustical reflections from the environment. To accomplish this goal, a system was designed with a mouthpiece connected to a cylindrical tube. A microphone was attached near the mouthpiece so that its diaphragm was tangent to the inner surface of the cylinder. A pneumotach at the end of the tube measured the airflow generated by the cough. The system was terminated with an exponential horn to minimize sound reflections. Custom software was developed to read, process, display, record, and analyze cough sound and airflow characteristics. The system was optimized by comparing acoustical reflections and total signal to background noise ratios across different designs. Cough measurements were also collected from volunteer subjects to assess the viability of the system. Results indicate that analysis of cough characteristics has the potential to detect lung disease.
Goldsmith WT, Mahmoud AM, Reynolds JS, et al. Ann Biomed Eng. 2009 Oct 30. [Epub ahead of print]
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钠泵同工酶在咳嗽受体中的选择性表达及其在咳嗽调节中的作用
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急性咳嗽：诊断和治疗挑战
