哮喘患儿校内最大呼吸流量的检测情况
2009/10/15
背景:对于所有的哮喘儿童,建议其家长对其哮喘症状或最大呼吸流量(PFM)进行自我监测,这也是哮喘管理计划的常规内容之一。目前有关哮喘患儿在学校内的PFM数据仍十分有限。
方法:本研究是一项在学校中进行的互联网哮喘监测及数据收集调查研究,共纳入323例持续性哮喘的城市儿童。患儿的平均年龄为10.0±2.1岁,其中57%为男性患儿,91%为美籍非裔。患儿每天登录互联网调查程序,记录其哮喘症状和PFM读数。教师也每天登录该程序以核对患儿的PFM读数。由负责儿童健康的教职人员记录下对PFM值较低的患儿所采取的措施。
结果:共完成12,245份患儿报告,其中98%(n = 11,974)有教师对其PFM值的确认记录。不同PFM读数所对应的哮喘症状发生率不同;红色读数区的症状发生率最高,黄色区次之,绿色区最低。根据患儿的症状和PFM结果所采取的措施也不尽相同;但对于黄色和红色区读数的患儿,则未采取措施。与“最差日”的患儿(其读数出现在红色或黄色区)相比,读数仅出现在绿色区的患儿其哮喘症状并未呈现显著的下降趋势。此外,对于读数在黄色或红色区、症状相对严重的患儿,其送往诊室的可能性也未见明显增加。
结论:总体来说,PFM读数与哮喘程度有一定的对应趋势。但调查结果显示,教职人员可能更倾向于根据哮喘患儿的症状或患儿主诉进行自我判断,而非依据最大呼吸流量计这一更为客观结果对患儿采取措施。
(苏楠 审校)
Grad R, et al. J Asthma. 2009 Aug;46(6):535-540.
Peak flow measurements in children with asthma: what happens at school?
Grad R, McClure L, Zhang S, Mangan J, Gibson L, Gerald L.
BACKGROUND: Self-monitoring of symptoms or peak flow monitoring (PFM) is recommended for all asthma patients and is commonly included in asthma management plans. Limited data are available documenting PFM outcomes in school settings.
METHOD: Three hundred twenty-three urban children with persistent asthma were enrolled in a school-based study that implemented an internet-based asthma monitoring and data collection system. The mean age of the children was 10.0 (SD 2.1) years; 57% were male and 91% were African American. Children logged in daily to an internet-based program to record their asthma symptoms and PFM reading. Teachers logged in daily to confirm the PFM readings. School staff responsible for student health reported actions taken for low PFM readings.
RESULTS: A total of 12,245 child reports were completed; 98% (n = 11,974) had corresponding teacher reports, confirming the peak flow meter readings reported by the children. The prevalence of reported asthma symptoms varied across PFM readings; the highest prevalence occurred in the setting of red zone readings, with intermediate prevalence in the setting of yellow zone readings, and lowest prevalence in the setting of green zone readings. The actions reported in response to children’s symptoms and peak flow results similarly varied; however, instances of no action were reported in the setting of yellow and red zone readings. When comparing the "worst days" of children who had ever had a red or yellow PFM reading with those of children who only had exhibited green, there was a nonsignificant trend toward fewer symptoms in the green-only group. Additionally, there was a nonsignificant trend toward a greater likelihood of being sent to the office or school nurse with greater symptoms in the setting of a yellow or red zone reading.
CONCLUSIONS: On the whole, peak flow readings tended to correspond to asthma disease activity. However, the data indicate that school staff may be more inclined to take action based on their own perceptions of a child’s asthma or respond to children’s subjective reports of asthma symptoms rather than using a more objective measure of disease activity provided by a peak flow meter.
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对哮喘控制的检测是患者管理的第一步:文献综述
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哮喘控制与医疗资源使用、工作能力丧失和健康相关生活质量的关系