儿童哮喘治疗中影响初级保健医生和看护人员协调性的因素
2009/06/24
背景:哮喘儿童的药物治疗过程中,经常出现由于医生与看护人员之间缺少沟通,导致两者在哮喘药物治疗上的不协调。
目的:本研究主要对初级保健医生(PCP)与看护人员在儿童哮喘药物治疗上的协调性进行研究。
方法:本研究中哮喘儿童使用的家庭用药方案已经过儿童初级保健医生验证,共231名护理欠佳的持续性哮喘儿童中入选本研究。采用Kappas 和卡方检验检测协调性强度。基于哮喘药物的使用情况,将看护人员与PCP分为协调组和不协调组。
结果:在所有479例哮喘处方中,三分之二的看护人员-PCP(67.8%)归为协调组,他们至少采用一种哮喘治疗方案。哮喘药物治疗的协调性因用药种类的不同而不同,沙丁胺醇治疗过程中有84%的一致性,丙酸氟替卡松治疗过程中有77%的一致性。最后在预测看护人员和PCP协调性的回归模型中,在对儿童年龄、前6个月症状发作频率和急诊就诊次数进行校正后,发现在看护人员与PCP协调组中,前六个月的家庭医生探视次数和看护人员报告的儿童未受哮喘干扰的自由活动次数显著增加。在预测PCP探视次数的模型中,在对看护人员和PCP协调性进行校正后,急诊就诊次数是唯一与PCP探视相关的变量。
结论:看护人员与PCP的协调性与PCP探视次数显著相关,这表明PCP探视次数的增加能增加看护人员与儿童PCP之间在哮喘用药治疗上的协调性。然而,可能还存在其它影响家庭医生探视次数的重要因素,如急诊次数增加。
(林江涛 审校)Butz A,et al. J Asthma. 2009 Apr;46(3):308-313
Factors affecting primary care provider and caregiver concordance for pediatric asthma medications.
BACKGROUND: Lack of discussion regarding actual asthma medication use by physicians with caregivers of children with asthma may result in low caregiver and physician concordance about prescribed asthma medications.
OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to examine the concordance between primary care providers (PCP) and caregivers regarding child asthma medication use.
METHODS: Current asthma medications in the home with verification from each child’s PCP were obtained for 231 underserved children with persistent asthma. Kappas and chi-square statistics were calculated to measure the strength of the concordance. Caregiver and PCP dyads were categorized as concordant or discordant based on asthma medication use.
RESULTS: For all asthma prescriptions N = 479, two thirds of caregiver-PCP dyads (67.8) were categorized as concordant with at least one asthma medication. Concordance for asthma medications varied by type of medication ranging from 84% agreement for albuterol and 77% agreement for Flovent. In the final regression model predicting caregiver and PCP concordance, the number of PCP visits within the past 6 months and caregiver report of no limitation of child’s activity due to asthma were significantly higher in caregivers who were considered concordant with their child’s PCP while controlling for child age and frequency of symptom nights and number of ED visits in prior 6 months. In a model predicting the number of PCP visits, the number of ED visits was the only significant variable associated with the number of PCP visits while controlling for caregiver and PCP concordance.
CONCLUSION: Caregiver and PCP concordance was significantly associated with increased number of PCP visits suggesting that increased exposure to a health care provider may increase agreement between a child’s PCP and caregiver regarding prescribed asthma medications. However, there may be other important factors including increased emergency department visits that may also be associated with subsequent pediatric primary care visits for asthma.
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控制哮喘的自我管理计划及患者对其依从性的预测因子
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呼吸治疗师提供的家庭哮喘疾病管理计划在改善临床结局和降低护理费用中的作用:随机对照试验