哮喘员工健康效应:工作可导致哮喘,哮喘也可影响工作
2008/06/11
尽管对哮喘与职业环境之间的关系越来越受到重视,我们对职业性哮喘的认识还是不够,该人群的负担还是被低估。这部分是因为传统的哮喘研究模式忽视了员工健康效应(HWE)这一现象。HWE是由于哮喘患者倾向于选择职业接触较少的工作这一现象而导致的潜在的偏移。他们可能是被解雇了,或者一旦被解雇他们就转而选择职业接触更少的工作甚至不再工作。Le Moual N指出,基于人群或工作场所进行的哮喘研究尤其存在HWE偏移,这种偏移导致了对相对危险因素的低估。
在这篇文章中作者重点阐述了HWE与哮喘研究的相关性,强调了在设计哮喘研究方案和解释哮喘研究结果时考虑HWE偏移的重要性。
(王苹莉 浙江医科大学附属第二医院呼吸科 310009 摘译)
(Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008 Jan 1;177(1):4-10.)
Le Moual N, Kauffmann F, Eisen EA, Kennedy SM
Despite the increasing attention to the relationship between asthma and work exposures, occupational asthma remains underrecognized and its population burden underestimated. This may be due, in part, to the fact that traditional approaches to studying asthma in populations cannot adequately take into account the healthy worker effect (HWE). The HWE is the potential bias caused by the phenomenon that sicker individuals may choose work environments in which exposures are low; they may be excluded from being hired; or once hired, they may seek transfer to less exposed jobs or leave work. This article demonstrates that population- and workplace-based asthma studies are particularly subject to HWE bias, which leads to underestimates of relative risks. Our objective is to describe the HWE as it relates to asthma research, and to discuss the significance of taking HWE bias into account in designing and interpreting asthma studies. We also discuss the importance of understanding HWE bias for public health practitioners and for clinicians. Finally, we emphasize the timeliness of this review in light of the many longitudinal "child to young adult" asthma cohort studies currently underway. These prospective studies will soon provide an ideal opportunity to examine the impact of early workplace environments on asthma in young adults. We urge occupational and childhood asthma epidemiologists collaborate to ensure that this opportunity is not lost.
上一篇:
农业健康研究:杀虫剂与农场妇女变应性及非变应性哮喘相关性
下一篇:
体重指数与哮喘严重程度的关系:美国全国哮喘调查