为测定压力定量吸入器(PMD)和储雾罐 (Aerochamber PlusTM) 套装吸药后,药物在气道、口咽部和胃肠道的沉积情况,Roller等对24轻度哮喘患儿(年龄5~17岁)进行了99mTc-标记二丙酸倍氯米松(BDP)的吸入比较研究。
研究分为潮式呼吸组和屏气呼吸组:潮气呼吸组(n=12),患儿在每次吸药后进行5次潮式呼吸;屏气呼吸组(n=12),患儿在屏气5~10秒后进行深慢呼吸。记录吸药前后(120s)γ-闪烁扫描的结果。研究发现:潮式组中,5~7 岁(n=4)、8~10岁 (n=4) 和11~17岁 (n=4)患儿的药物肺沉积(平均值±SD,%)分别为35.4±18.3、47.5±13.0和54.9±11.2;口咽部和胃肠道沉积(平均值±SD,%) 分别为24.0±10.5、10.3±4.4和10.1±6.2。而在屏气组,肺沉积(平均值±SD,%)分别为58.1±6.7、56.6±5.2和58.4±9.2;口咽部和胃肠道沉积(平均值±SD,%)分别为12.9±3.2、20.1±9.5和20.8±8.8。与以往儿科研究(采用1次呼吸-掀药方法使用定量吸入器)资料相比,该研究患者口咽部和胃肠道的药物沉积均明显降低,且与采用何种吸入技术无关。
作者认为,与单纯潮式呼吸相比,屏气技术吸入超细粉雾能明显改善各年龄组患儿的药物肺沉积。
(韩伟 青岛大学附属青岛市立医院东院呼吸科 266071 摘译)
(Eur Respir J 2007;29: 299–306)
Spacer inhalation technique and deposition of extrafine
aerosol in asthmatic children
C.M. Roller*, G. Zhang*, R.G. Troedson#, C.L. Leach’, P.N. Le Soue¨f* and S.G. Devadason*
ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to measure airway, oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal deposition of 99mTc-labelled hydrofluoroalkane-beclomethasone dipropionate after inhalation via a pressurised metered-dose inhaler and spacer (Aerochamber PlusTM) in asthmatic children. A group of 24 children (aged 5–17 yrs) with mild asthma inhaled the labelled drug. A total of 12 children took five tidal breaths after each actuation (tidal group). The other 12 children used a slow maximal inhalation followed by a 5–10-s breath-hold (breath-hold group). Simultaneous anterior and posterior planarγ-scintigraphic scans (120-s acquisition) were recorded. For the tidal group, mean±SD lung deposition (% ex-actuator, attenuation corrected) was 35.4±18.3, 47.5±13.0 and 54.9±11.2 in patients aged 5–7 (n=4), 8–10 (n=4) and 11–17 yrs (n=4), respectively. Oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal deposition was 24.0±10.5, 10.3±4.4 and 10.1±6.2. With the breath-hold technique, lung deposition was 58.1±6.7, 56.6±5.2 and 58.4±9.2. Oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal deposition was 12.9±3.2, 20.1±9.5 and 20.8±8.8. Inhalation of the extrafine formulation with the breath-hold technique showed significantly improved lung deposition compared with tidal breathing across all ages. Oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal deposition was markedly decreased, regardless of which inhalation technique was applied, compared with a previous paediatric study using the same formulation delivered via a breath-actuated metered-dose inhaler.
KEYWORDS: Children, deposition study, inhalation technique, spacers
(Eur Respir J 2007;29:299–306)