戒烟与饮酒变化：在四个国家进行的国际烟草控制（ITC）调查
2010/07/05
虽然酗酒与戒烟优势比下降相关，但戒烟程度与饮酒量下降的关系尚不完全清楚。本试验在2年内研究与有戒烟意愿戒烟但仍在吸烟者、无戒烟意愿的吸烟者相比，戒烟持续至少6个月的吸烟者是否出现饮酒频率、平均每周饮酒量和酗酒频率下降。本项前瞻性队列研究数据来自一项4个国家参与的国际烟草控制调查，参与者为来自澳大利亚、加拿大、英国和美国的吸烟者。共计3614名参与者能提供饮酒数据，对这些吸烟者于2年后评价其吸烟和饮酒。与前期研究类似，酗酒每周超过1次者（男性4+，女性5+）其戒断率较低。与仍然吸烟者相比，有关持续戒烟能减少饮酒的证据尚不足。这些结果在不同国家和不同性别人群中具有一致性，且不受吸烟严重程度的影响。
结果显示，戒烟本身不会导致饮酒本质上的变化。因此，针对戒烟的干预措施和政策可能不会影响危险饮酒发生率，除非这些政策或措施含有针对饮酒的特殊条款。
(刘国梁 审校)
Kahler CW, et al. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2010 Mar 12. [Epub ahead of print]
Quitting smoking and change in alcohol consumption in the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey.
Kahler CW, Borland R, Hyland A, McKee SA, O’Connor RJ, Fong GT, Cummings KM.
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Although frequent heavy drinking has been associated with decreased odds of quitting smoking, the extent to which smoking cessation is associated with decreased alcohol consumption is less clear. The present study examined over a 2-year period whether individuals who quit smoking for at least 6 months, compared to those making a quit attempt but continuing to smoke and to those not making any attempt to quit smoking, showed greater reductions in drinking frequency, average weekly quantity of alcohol consumption, and frequency of heavy drinking. Data were drawn from the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey, a prospective cohort study of smokers in Australia, Canada, the UK, and the US. A total of 3614 participants provided alcohol data at one study wave and were re-interviewed 2 years later regarding smoking and alcohol use. Consistent with prior studies, individuals who drank heavily (4+/5+ drinks for women and men, respectively) more than once a week had especially low rates of quitting smoking. There was little evidence, however, that those who achieved sustained smoking cessation made greater reductions in drinking compared to those who continued to smoke. These results were consistent across countries and sexes and did not differ significantly by heaviness of smoking. Results indicate that quitting smoking, in and of itself, does not lead to meaningful changes in alcohol use. Therefore, interventions and policies directed towards increasing smoking cessation are unlikely to affect rates of hazardous drinking unless they include specific elements that address alcohol consumption
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尼古丁依赖是信息构架对戒烟预后影响的调节因素
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成功戒烟者复吸预测因子：来自于两个伐尼克兰临床III期试验的数据
